Question: How does sexual ornamentation relate to parasite infection, host immune response and somatic condition status in male fish? Hypotheses: Zahavi’s (1975) handicap hypothesis proposes that producing secondary sexual traits represents a considerable handicap for males. Additionally, Hamilton and Zuk (1982) proposed that the expression of secondary sexual traits reveals a genetic resistanc...

Mosques, as symbol of Islamic architecture must play an important role in reflecting the superiority of Allah the Almighty. There are many ways in making it successful and one of them is through the high quality of aesthetic value. Aesthetic value in Islamic art and architecture is normally portrayed by the highest degree of motifs and ornamentation. Contemporary mosque designers normally focus...

Differences among males in immunocompetence can affect resistance to parasites and diseases, and sexual ornaments have been suggested to function as indicators of additive genetic variation in disease resistance, health and condition in the good gene models of sexual selection. In this paper the role of genetic variation in the immune system is discussed as an alternative route to explore wheth...

n-propylsalicylidene based on silica as ion exchanger (ie) was used for the separation by complexation of mn2+, co2+, ni2+, cu2+, hg2+, cr3+, fe3+, and uo22+ from their parent solutions. ie and its metal complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, electronic and infrared spectra, in addition to thermal analysis in atmospheric pressure. the mode of chelation and the proposed geometric str...

The long-lost bowerbird Amblyornis flavifrons was found in the Foja Mountains of west New Guinea, and its bower and display were discovered. The bower is a stick tower on a rimmed moss platform, adorned with separate piles of fruit of three different colors. The displaying male extends toward the female a blue fruit set against his golden crest. These observations support a derivation of bower ...

the art of carpet weaving has undergone changes during the course of history. this ancient art has gradually found its place among other branches of art due to its artistic and consumer characteristics. the art of carpet weaving has heavily influenced other fields like painting for its elegant ornamentation. this paper will elaborate on the widespread relations between persian and italian art d...

The fitness consequences of female ornamentation remain little studied and the results are often contradictory. Female ornamentation may be an artefact of a genetic correlation with male ornamentation, but this possibility can be disregarded if the ornament only occurs in females. Female-specific white wing bars in eiders (Somateria mollissima) have been suggested to indicate individual quality...

Adaptive female coloration is likely to occur when males largely invest into reproduction or variance of quality between potential mating partners is high. Although recent studies have shown male choosiness of female traits, little is known about the extent to which female ornamentation signals benefits to males. Female ornamentation might signal individual quality information and thus might be...

1. Conditional handicap models of sexual selection predict that ornamentation should be positively associated with an individual’s ability to withstand challenges to their health. 2. We assessed whether levels of carotenoid ornamentation were related to the probability of adult male Common Redpolls, Carduelis flammea , dying in a salmonellosis epidemic by comparing the ornamentation of survivin...