Abstract This paper analyzes the practice of surrogacy, in which a woman carries someone else’s baby, focusing on gestational-labor process these women, called “surrogates”. To present them as hybrid figures, I use Donna Haraway’s concept cyborg heuristic resource. The stigma financial compensation for surrogates is analyzed through theoretical contributions about sex work – along with Goffman’...

A family is an organized system that connects all members together to exalt happiness and share grief each other; they do not only help hold shoulders with strengthens bonds teach other morality of life, respect honour but also parents scold their sons daughters for committing any mistakes recuperate themselves in career. Therefore, the sacred dignity has been shattered nowadays order grab weal...

In The Order of Public Reason (2011a), Gerald Gaus rejects the instrumental approach to morality as a viable account of social morality. Gaus’ rejection of the instrumental approach to morality, and his own moral theory, raise important foundational questions concerning the adequate scope of instrumental morality. In this article, I address some of these questions and I argue that Gaus’ rejecti...

1. Evolution, morality, and conflict between groups. 2. Parental investment and conflict within the family. 3. Co-operation, conflict, and emotional development. 4. Emotional development and parental investment. 5. Identification, projection, and images of self and others. 6. Projection and self-esteem. 7. The social externalization of internal conflict. 8. The individual, the family, and group...

Longstanding debates about whether morality is best defined in terms of emotions or judgments have been recently rekindled. In this essay, we review recent approaches from social psychology and moral neuroscience that have emphasized emotions and intuitions as central to morality. We assert that the results of developmental science research on judgments and reasoning informs these approaches an...

BACKGROUND The principles of biomedical ethics - autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice - are of paradigmatic importance for framing ethical problems in medicine and for teaching ethics to medical students and professionals. In order to underline this significance, Tom L. Beauchamp and James F. Childress base the principles in the common morality, i.e. they claim that the principle...

A group of high school students attended 7 educational sessions for a preventive drug abuse program. The students were exposed to drug abusers and their families. Drug abusers and their families informed the subjects about the consequences of addiction in their life: how they became addicted and how the addiction worsened their psychosocial life. Moreover their families explained to student...