We report electrical measurements of the current-induced spin polarization of the surface current in topological insulator devices where contributions from bulk and surface conduction can be disentangled by electrical gating. The devices use a ferromagnetic tunnel junction (permalloy/Al2O3) as a spin detector on a back-gated (Bi,Sb)2Te3 channel. We observe hysteretic voltage signals as the magn...

The rheology of NFC suspensions that exhibited different microstructures and colloidal stability, namely TEMPO and enzymatic NFC suspensions, was investigated at the macro and mesoscales using a transparent Couette rheometer combined with optical observations and ultrasonic speckle velocimetry (USV). Both NFC suspensions showed a complex rheology, which was typical of yield stress, non-linear a...

Hysteresis has been widely recognized in the soil water relationship. In this paper, a detailed review of hysteresis was performed in relation to its models. So far, different models have been suggested to describe hysteresis in the water retention curve (WRC) that could be categorized into two main groups: conceptual and empirical models. The models in the first group are based on the domain t...

Nanoindentation was carried out on pure tungsten carbide (WC) the basal (0001) and prismatic (1010) planes, using Berkovich spherical indenters, in both single load multi-load testing. The work focuses correlating load-displacement curves, including elastic to plastic deformation, size effect hysteresis with deformation behaviour of WC. With different specimen preparation processes, started at ...

1.1 Hysteresis Operators 3 1.2 The Duhem Model 13 1.3 Rheological Models of Elasto-plasticity 17 1.4 Discontinuous Hysteresis 35 1.5 Micromagnetism 45 1.6 Models of Hysteresis with Internal Variables 56 1.7 Genesis of Hysteresis and Coupling with PDEs 62 1.8 A Transport Equation with Hysteresis 69 1.9 A Quasilinear Parabolic PDE with Hysteresis 78 1.10 A Quasilinear Hyperbolic PDE with Hysteres...

the equilibrium moisture content is an important parameter for several post-harvesting operations for pistachio nuts, such as drying processes and storage. in this re-search the adsorption and desorption equilibrium moisture content were determined for two major varieties of iranian pistachios at 11 to 85 percent relative humidities and a con-stant temperature of 50°c. a significant hysteresis ...

to use remote sensing data effectively, one must understand the spectral characteristics of the particular features under investigations. to study the relationship between soil salinity and soil reflectance, four multispectral scanners (mss) and seven thematic mappers (tm bands) over the ardakan playa located on the central iranian desert margins were selected. in this study soil map, soil ...

The hysteresis motor is so named because it is producing mechanical torque utilizing the phenomenon of hysteresis. The rotor of a hysteresis motor is a cylindrical tube of high hysteresis loss permanent magnet material without windings or slots. This paper presents the design of a hysteresis permanent magnet motor using the finite element method. The rotor of the machine consists of 36% Cobalt ...

Hysteresis current control method is vastly used in PWM inverters because of simplicity in performance, fast control response and good ability in limiting peak current. However, switching frequency in hysteresis current control method with fixed bandwidth has large variation during a cycle and therefore causes non-optimal current ripple generation in output current. One of basic problems in imp...