Moist and temperate Caspian forests are associated with a diversity of soil types and topography.  Although, natural history and ecological attributes of the Caspian vegetation is well-documented, little is known about mycorrhizae of the Caspian (Hyrcanian) flora. Samples of herbaceous plant species were collected from 4 pre-determined altitudes (-13 upto about 1500m above sea level, appro...

Moist and temperate Caspian forests are associated with a diversity of soil types and topography.  Although, natural history and ecological attributes of the Caspian vegetation is well-documented, little is known about mycorrhizae of the Caspian (Hyrcanian) flora. Samples of herbaceous plant species were collected from 4 pre-determined altitudes (-13 upto about 1500m above sea level, appro...

resource sustainability requires a thorough understanding of the influence of forest management programs on the conservation of genetic diversity in tree populations. to observe how differences in forest management affect the genetic structure of fagus orientalis lipsky (oriental beech), we evaluated thirteen beech sites across hyrcanian forests, based on six microsatellite loci. significant di...

Natural treefall gaps have a substantial role in maintaining soil and plant diversity old-growth forests. However, the amount of information on effects recovery physical chemical properties compacted soils is scarce. We tested hypothesis that natural accelerate restoration by enhancing biological microbial activity topsoil after period five years. Five years ground-based skidding operation Hyrc...

Forest canopy cover (FCC) is an important ecological parameter of forest ecosystems, and correlated with characteristics, including plant growth, regeneration, biodiversity, light regimes, hydrological properties. Here, we present approach combining Sentinel-2 data, high-resolution aerial images, machine learning (ML) algorithms to model FCC in the Hyrcanian mixed temperate forest, Northern Ira...

finding a minimum allowable radius length of a circle horizontal curve is essential to reduce earthwork cost or damage to the forest ecosystem, as well as make driving more comfortable. the present study is conducted i) to analyze different radius lengths of circle horizontal curves using an integrated approach consists of a civil3d in concert with the field surveys, and ii) to propose a set of...