HCLS1‑associated protein X‑1 (HAX‑1) is highly expressed or overexpressed in various types of human tumor, and its overexpression is associated with cancer metastasis and cellular proliferation. However, the precise molecular mechanism involved in HAX‑1‑associated proliferation and metastasis in hypopharyngeal carcinoma is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of HAX‑1 in the...

BACKGROUND In oncologic surgery, the relationship between postoperative wound infections and prognosis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to establish the prognostic significance of surgical wound infections in laryngectomized patients. METHOD We studied 129 consecutive patients with previously untreated laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent a total lar...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate expression of recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) in human hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to determine whether RON affects tumor cell behavior in hypopharyngeal SCC cell line and if this would serve as a target for molecular therapy in a preclinical model. METHODS Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohis...

The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in the majority of human epithelial carcinomas, and its overexpression is associated with proliferation and neoplastic transformation. However, the precise molecular mechanism involved in EpCAM-related proliferation and metastasis in hypopharyngeal carcinoma is unknown. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of EpCAM ...

OBJECTIVE The efficacy of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer remains controversial and its impact on prognosis has not been adequately discussed. We studied the use of endoscopic screening to detect esophageal cancer in hypopharyngeal cancer patients by analyzing the incidence, stage and prognosis. METHODS We included 64 patients with hypopharyng...

The aim of the present study was to assess the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. A total of 40 hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and 15 benign lesion tissues were retrospectively analyzed. DWI, and T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. The sensitivity, specificity ...

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) rarely metastasizes to the skin. Metastases to the nasal tip from hypopharyngeal malignancies are extremely rare. We present a patient with nasal tip metastasis from hypopharyngeal SCC. A 74-year-old man with hypopharyngeal and esophageal carcinomas had a red nodule on his nasal tip (so-called "clown nose"). Histopathologically, atypical squamoid cell...

In the honeybee, diploid larvae fed with royal jelly develop into reproductive queens, whereas larvae fed with royal jelly for three days only and subsequently with honey and pollen develop into facultatively sterile workers. A recent study showed that worker larvae fed in a queenless colony develop into another female polyphenic form: rebel workers. These rebel workers are more queenlike and h...

Hydrolytic enzymes from hypopharyngeal gland extracts of newly emerged, nurse and foraging workers of two eusocial bees, Scaptotrigona postica, a native Brazilian stingless bee, and the Africanized honey bee (Apis mellifera) in Brazil, were compared. The hypopharyngeal gland is rich in enzymes in both species. Fifteen different enzymes were found in the extracts, with only a few quantitative di...