Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a key mechanism associated with white matter disruption in cerebral vascular disease and dementia. In a mouse model relevant to studying cerebral vascular disease, we have previously shown that cerebral hypoperfusion disrupts axon-glial integrity and the distribution of key paranodal and internodal proteins in subcortical myelinated axons. This disruption of my...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The value of acute cerebral blood flow measurements in stroke prognosis is controversial. No previous study has determined whether acute perfusion deficits independently add to a validated clinical prognostic score. We aimed to compare the value of acute hypoperfusion deficits with a quantitative clinical score in stroke prognosis and to correlate the changes in perfusion...

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, a mild ischemic condition is associated with advancing age and severity of dementia; however, no unanimous therapy has been established to alleviate related neurological symptoms. We imposed a permanent, bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries of rats (n = 18) to create cerebral hypoperfusion. A mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K channel opener diazoxide (D...

Several reports have shown that long-term potentiation (LTP) per se effectively enhances neurogenesis in the hippocampus of intact animals. If LTP can enhance neurogenesis in chronic hypoperfusion, this approach could potentially become a new therapeutic strategy for the restoration of cognitive function and for prevention from deterioration of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Using an in vivo ...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the specific pattern of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in subjects with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) using voxel-based analysis. METHODS N-isopropyl-p-[123I]iodoamphetamine (IMP) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images were performed in 30 iNPH patients, who met probable iNPH criteria, 30 Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and 15 normal c...

Fructus mume (F. mume) has been used as a medicinal food in Japan and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory bowel disease and macrophage-mediated inflammation. We investigated the effects of F. mume extracts on cognitive dysfunction in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Elevated middle cerebral erythrocyte velocities and tissue hypoperfusion have been correlated with delayed ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage, but few studies have compared serial arterial velocities with cerebral blood flow and neurological deficits. METHODS Serial measurements of middle cerebral velocities, using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, were performe...

Cerebrovascular hypoperfusion occurs prior to the clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and represents the most accurate indicator predicting whether an individual develops AD at a future time. To study how cerebrovascular hypoperfusion contributes to AD, we induced cerebrovascular hypoperfusion by bilateral carotid occlusion surgery in adult rats and investigated its impacts on spatial...

OBJECTIVE We examined the utility of distinguishing between patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Alzheimer disease (AD) using quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) imaging with arterial spin labeled (ASL) perfusion MRI. METHODS Forty-two patients with FTLD and 18 patients with AD, defined by autopsy or CSF-derived biomarkers for AD, and 23 matched controls were imaged w...

Although aphasia and hemispatial neglect are classically labeled as cortical deficits, language deficits or hemispatial neglect following lesions to subcortical regions have been reported in many studies. However, whether or not aphasia and hemispatial neglect can be caused by subcortical lesions alone has been a matter of controversy. It has been previously shown that most cases of aphasia or ...