fibers of poplar wood (populus nigra l.) were prepared and oven dried. afterwards, they were acetylated with acetic anhydride without a catalyst. acetylation was carried out for different durations at 120ºc. different weight percentage gains (wpgs) were achieved based on the operating conditions. acetylated fibers were exposed to varying levels of relative humidity to determine equilibrium mois...

Background: Microbial resistance to antibiotics has led serious efforts discover novel drugs, which is why there so much interest in the use of herbs. Therefore, aim this study was investigate antibacterial effect aqueous, hydro-alcoholic, and alcoholic extracts Morus nigra comparison with some common antibiotics. Method: In experimental study, zone inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration ...

Figure 1: Pathway of Parkinson’s disease characterised by the degeneration of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Above is a flow-chart describing the pathway of Parkinson’s disease characterised by the degeneration of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta located in the basal ganglia [1]. The SNc (Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta) is what that is affected...

Use of illicit stimulants such as methamphetamine, cocaine, and ecstasy is an increasing health problem. Chronic use can cause neurotoxicity in animals and humans but the long-term consequences are not well understood. The aim of the current study was to investigate the long-term effect of stimulant use on the morphology of the human substantia nigra. We hypothesised that history of illicit sti...

The evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis predicts that escape from intense herbivore damage may enable invasive plants to evolve higher competitive ability in the invasive range. Below-ground root herbivory can have a strong impact on plant performance, and invasive plants often compete with multiple species simultaneously, but experimental approaches in which EICA predi...

There is a clear need to develop non-invasive markers of substantia nigra progression in Parkinson's disease. We previously found elevated free-water levels in the substantia nigra for patients with Parkinson's disease compared with controls in single-site and multi-site cohorts. Here, we test the hypotheses that free-water levels in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease increase followin...