Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC), a relatively hydrophilic bile salt, reduces disruption of cholesterol-rich membranes by more hydrophobic bile salts such as taurocholate (TC), taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC), or taurodeoxycholate (TDC). We examined the interactions of these bile salts in adsorption to large unilamellar vesicles to determine whether TUDC may stabilize membranes by preventing adsorpti...

Cholesterol crystallization is a key step in gallstone formation and is influenced by numerous factors. Human bile contains various bile salts having different hydrophobicity and micelle-forming capacities, but the importance of lipid composition to bile metastability remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of bile salts on cholesterol crystallization in model bile (MB) systems. Sup...

Using a precise high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique, we identified the molecular species of lecithins in gallbladder biles from patients with cholesterol gallstones (n=29), pigment gallstones (n=9), morbid obesity (n = 5 ) , and “controls” (n=lO). The major lecithin species identified in all groups, in descending rank order as represented by the fatty acids in the sn-1 and s...

To date, the membrane development for distillation (MD) application is growing in line with increasing volume of various types wastewaters discharged into environment. MD a liquid-vapor separation process and hydrophobic used to retain liquid. Theoretically, can achieve 100% rejection non-volatile components that dissolved feed liquids. As result, has received significant attention water recove...

Aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) can form when mixing water with two compounds such as polymers, ionic liquids, or simple salts. While this phenomenon has been known for decades and found applications in various fields biology, recycling, even more recently electrochemistry, the physics behind formation of ABSs remains ill-understood. It was demonstrated that be composed salts sharing same catio...

Mixed-mode chromatography (MMC), which combines features of ion exchange (IEC) and hydrophobic interaction (HIC), is an interesting method for protein separation purification. The design MMC processes challenging as adsorption equilibria are influenced by many parameters, including ionic strength the presence different salts in solution. Systematic studies on influence those parameters rare. Th...

Fundamental studies of the effect of specific ions on hydrophobic interactions are driven by the need to understand phenomena such as hydrophobically driven self-assembly or protein folding. Using β-peptide-inspired nanorods, we investigate the effects of both free ions (dissolved salts) and proximally immobilized ions on hydrophobic interactions. We find that the free ion effect is correlated ...

The digestion of dietary components in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex, dynamic, inherently heterogeneous process. A key aspect of the digestion of lipid in the GI tract is the combined action of bile salts, lipase and colipase in hydrolysing and solubilising dispersed lipid. The bile salts are a mixture of steroid acid conjugates with surfactant properties. In order to exami...

Some known mechanisms proposed for the reduction of blood cholesterol by dietary fibre are: binding with bile salts in the duodenum and prevention of lipid absorption, which can be partially related with the bile salt binding. In order to gain new insights into the mechanisms of the binding of dietary fibre to bile salts, the goal of this work is to study the main interactions between cellulose...