The present study examined the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment at three time levels 10, 20 and 30 min on some thermodynamic (effective moisture diffusivity coefficient(Deff), drying time, specific energy consumption (SEC), efficiency, thermal efficiency) physical (color shrinkage) properties kiwifruit under hybrid hot air-infrared(HAI) dryer different temperatures (50, 60 70 °C) thicknesses (...