Growing interest in robotics in policy and professional circles promises a future where machines will perform many of the social and institutional functions that have traditionally belonged to human beings. This promise is based on the premise that robots can act autonomously, without much support from their human users. Close examination of current social robots, however, introduces a differen...

Nitric oxide has various biological activities including smooth muscle relaxation, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-coagulatory activity. As the human placenta is known to express nitric oxide synthases, this study investigated the possible effect of labor on the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in human placental tissues at term....

In a civilization, human labor of one type is exchanged for human labor of another type. For example, when one eats at a restaurant, one exchanges money earned from one’s own labor for the labor of people who cook, raise animals and vegetables, deliver goods, etc.. This exchange is made possible by a salary, which establishes a value for labor of different types. There are many ways to represen...

We document differences in human-capital deployment between diversified and focused firms. We find that diversified firms have higher labor productivity and that they redeploy labor to industries with better prospects in response to changing opportunities. The opportunities and incentives provided in internal labor markets in turn affect the development of workers' human capital. We find that w...

Obstructed labor is a common complication of human childbirth. In parts of the world where access to emergency obstetric services is limited, obstructed labor is a major cause of maternal mortality. Women who survive the ordeal of prolonged obstructed labor often end up suffering from an obstetric vesicovaginal fistula or another serious birth injury that leaves them crippled for life. Compared...

undoubtedly, the capability and core competencies of employees help to achieve organization goals. consequently, organizations increase organizational learning capability with the help of intellectual capital, thereby providing improvement of productivity. the current study aims to explain the impact of intellectual capital on labor productivity, considering the mediation of organizational lear...

labor pain is one of the most tiresome types of pain. so human has been seeking to allay this pain until now. administration of a suitable agent such as entonox during labor is very beneficial for childbirth outcomes. entonox can be administered in two ways: intermittently and continuously. the aim of this study is to demonstrate whether continuous method is as safe as intermittent method? this...