PURPOSE The aim of this study is to present the development of a new technique to obtain 3D models using photogrammetry by a mobile device and free software, as a method for making digital facial impressions of patients with maxillofacial defects for the final purpose of 3D printing of facial prostheses. METHODS With the use of a mobile device, free software and a photo capture protocol, 2D c...

BACKGROUND Gender is one of the most significant factors that influence facial anatomy and behavior, both key factors in the aging process. OBJECTIVE To review male facial anatomy, physiology, and behavior and how it contributes to sexual dimorphism in facial aging. METHODS A MEDLINE search was performed for publications on gender differences in facial anatomy, aging, cutaneous physiology, ...

We present here a framework for developing a generic talking head capable of reproducing the anatomy and the facial deformations induced by speech movements with a set of a few parameters. We will show that the speakerspecific articulatory movements can be straightforward encoded into the normalized MPEG-4 Facial Animation Parameters and Facial Definition Parameters.

We report two infants presenting with unilateral congenital facial palsy since birth. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in both the cases revealed complete unilateral aplasia of facial nerve. To our knowledge, this is the first reported MR depiction of nonsyndromic isolated facial nerve aplasia. Imaging features and the pertinent anatomy is discussed along with a brief review of literature.

Facial paralysis presents a significant and challenging reconstructive problem for plastic surgeons. An aesthetically pleasing and acceptable outcome requires not only good surgical skills and techniques, but also knowledge of facial nerve anatomy and an understanding of the causes of facial paralysis.The loss of the ability to move the face has both social and functional consequences for the p...

The pitviper facial pit is a pinhole camera-like sensory organ consisting of a flask-shaped cavity divided into two chambers by a suspended membrane. Neurophysiological studies and simplified optical models suggest that facial pits detect thermal radiation and form an image that is combined with visual input in the optic tectum to form a single multispectral image. External pit anatomy varies m...

The human eye, connected to the brain, gives people the possibility to immediately, automatically and exactly recognize one person from another. A main aim is obviously to “copy” this recognition mechanism of the brain and to use it as a means for face recognition. Since the human recognition happens through an automatic “authentication” of facial shape and features, this face study is totally ...

Context: The human lesser petrosal nerve (LPN) is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), with contributions from the facial (VII) and vagus (X) nerves. Its formation and course are highly variable and complicated. The purpose of this article was to review the literature regarding the clinical anatomy of the LPN. Evidence Acquisition: The existing literature regarding this nerve was critic...