the hastening increase in the population of the cities ,lack of urban infrastructures ,shifting the land use and the consequent vanish of ecologically valuable lands in the countries ,industrial pollutions ,illegal settlement in the suburbs and other human activities which have influenced the growth of cities in iran too ,make it necessary to study and analyze the growth of rasht(the capital of...

Road traffic crashes (RTCs) account for great mortality and morbidity rates worldwide, resulting in substantial global burden. Factors contributing to RTC generally fall into three categories: environmental, vehicle, and human, with the human factor being by far the leading determinant. Obtaining an in-depth exploration of driving behavior and factors underpinning risky driving could be of part...

Novice drivers tend to direct their gaze to the road ahead and not scan the environment properly. This study investigated the training effectiveness of a visual search task in a driving simulator, aimed at increasing young drivers' spread of visual search. Two groups of inexperienced drivers were instructed to drive as accurately as possible in the center of the right lane in a self-paced drivi...

Assessing a driver ́s mental workload during tasks that are not visualmanual is a challenging endeavor. Especially with the rapid development of speech systems, this is becoming increasingly important. Pupillometry promises to be a suitable physiological measurement method, sensitive to variations of cognitive workload. This driving simulator study shows that the pupillometry data indicate a sig...

This paper aims at describing the architectural model of an adaptive force-feedback for a By Wire steering wheel system. This solution uses a steering wheel to replicate the reactive torque law which allows the driver to complete a precise driving scenario or a task with the higher performances. Then, the steering wheel adapts the reactive torque to the driving scenario. Since the design of thi...

http://hfs.sagepub.com/content/54/2/250 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0018720811429562 published online 10 January 2012 2012 54: 250 originally Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society John D. Lee, Shannon C. Roberts, Joshua D. Hoffman and Linda S. Angell Driving Performance and Visual Behavior Scrolling and Driving : How an MP3 P...

The growing population of older drivers has led to societal demands for the development of technologies better suited to the characteristics of older people. One effective way of addressing this situation is to examine closely the structure that causes the performance of older drivers and then use that information to develop technologies. As the first step toward understanding that structure in...

Human factors research has played an important role in reducing the incidents of vehicle-train collisions at rail grade crossings over the past 30 years. With the growing popularity of in-vehicle infotainment systems and GPS devices, new opportunities arise to cost-efficiently and effectively alert drivers of railroad crossings and to promote safer driving habits. To best utilize this in-vehicl...

Social and psychological theories have provided a plethora of evidence showing that the physical difficulty to express appropriate social interactions between drivers expresses itself in aggression, selfish driving and anti-social behaviour. Therefore there is a need to improve interactions between drivers and allow clearer collective decision making between them. Personal characteristics and t...