background : gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (gtn) disease is excessive and inappropriate proliferation of trophoblast after termination of the pregnancy. many attempts have been made to improve follow-up procedures, but no studies have evaluated human chorionic gonadotrophin (hcg) as a post treatment indicator. thus we aimed to know β-hcg variability in post treatment pregnancies.   method...

During the in vitro fertilization treatment, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is routinely used as a substitute for natural endogenous LH surge during final stage of oocyte maturation. However, it does not provide FSH observed mid-cycle cycle. To date, whether can improve quality and pregnancy outcomes remains unknown. Randomized controlled trials comparing following four trigger methods to ...

Uterine fibroids are the most common gynecologic benign tumors. Studies supporting a strong pregnancy-related growth of leiomyomas generally claimed a crucial role of sex steroid hormones. However, sex steroids are unlikely the unique actors involved as estrogen and progesterone achieve a pick serum concentration in the last trimester while leiomyomas show a typical increase during the first tr...

Many hormones that are central to normal reproductive functioning mediate their physiological effects by activating a receptor which belongs to the large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Members of this family of receptor proteins are usually glycosylated on extracellular domains. In recent years the role of this glycosylation in cell surface expression/protein folding, ligand reco...

BACKGROUND Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) disease is excessive and inappropriate proliferation of trophoblast after termination of the pregnancy. Many attempts have been made to improve follow-up procedures, but no studies have evaluated Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG) as a post treatment indicator. Thus we aimed to know β-HCG variability in post treatment pregnancies. METHODS ...

This case illustrates the possibility of obtaining oocytes that fertilize and cleave normally after the administration of a second ovulatory dose of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in a case of 'empty follicle syndrome'. The present patient underwent ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa)/menotropin for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). After the fa...

Embryos produced in an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) programme, but which were unsuitable for transfer to patients because they originated from one (1PN) or three pronuclear (3PN) oocytes or because they originated from two pronuclear (2PN) oocytes but cleaved normally, were maintained in tissue culture. The embryos that progressed to blastocytes were cultured to day 14 of development in order t...

Recent evidence has demonstrated that expression of leptin and leptin receptors is expected in the human ovary, and that leptin alters ovarian steroidogenesis in animal models. This study was designed to determine whether leptin modulates basal, gonadotrophin-, and insulin-stimulated progesterone production by human luteinized granulosa cells (GC). GC were recovered from follicular aspirates ob...

A rare case of primary choriocarcinoma of the jejunum occurred in a 45 year old Chinese man. This tumour was associated with massive melaena and a markedly raised serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) concentration. Necropsy examination showed no primary lesion in other possible sites including testes, mediastinum, and pineal gland. Histologically, the tumour showed morphology typical ...

Primary gastric choriocarcinomas are very rare, and their prognosis is extremely poor. A 37-year-old woman presented with amenorrhea, vaginal spotting and severe nausea, which mimicked a pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic disease. The serum level of the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) was significantly increased. An endoscopic biopsy of the stomach mass showed the ...