Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus that is not lysed by human serum or complement. It has not been determined, however, whether HTLV-I directly binds to complement components or whether it retains infectivity after incubation with human serum. We investigated the effects of human serum on the infectivity of cell-free HTLV-I produced by human and animal cells. Plating of...

The association of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) with autoimmune disorders was investigated on the basis of prevalence of antinuclear antibody (ANA), rheumatoid factor and anti-thyroglobulin antibody as well as immunoglobulin (Ig) serum level (IgG, IgA, and IgM). The subjects, all atomic bomb survivors, were 59 HTLV-I-seropositive people without HTLV-I-associated myelopathy or adul...

It is thought that human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) preferentially infects CD41 T cells in vivo. However, observations of high HTLV-I proviral load in patients with HTLV-I–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis suggest that HTLV-I may infect other cell types in addition to CD41 T cells. To identify in vivo T-cell tropisms of HTLV-I, real-time quantitative polymerase c...

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Objective(s): HTLVI-1 is the first human retrovirus with limited endemic regions in the world. The epidemiological studies have shown that the genetic background and immune response to the virus have a significant role in HTLV-I-associated diseases.  Among the genes are involved in HTLV-I infection, the role of human leukocytes antigen (HLA) have been studied in different population. In the pre...

Although the structure of human T lymphoptropic virus type I (HTLV-I) has been known well, the function of some proteins encoded by HTLV-I PX region is not fully understood. Furthermore, the responses of the immune system to HTLV-I remain still unknown. Most of HTLV-I-infected individuals show a strong and persistently activated cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response to the virus. The frequency of HTL...

Twenty human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody-positive sera from Japan, Hawaii, and the Marshall Islands and 15 HTLV type II (HTLV-II) antibody-positive sera from intravenous drug users in the United States were tested by immunoblotting with two recombinant HTLV-I proteins and three commercial kits to determine whether there were any differences in reactions between HTLV-I- and HTL...

Human T-cell leukemia virus types I (HTLV-I) and II (HTLV-II) are human retroviruses which normally infect T-lymphoid cells. HTLV-I infection is associated with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma, and HTLV-II is associated with an indolent form of hairy-cell leukemia. To identify potential transcriptional regulatory elements of these two related human retroviruses, we performed DNase I footprinting...

background and objectives:hbv and htlv-i are life threatening infectious agents in patients who receive blood and blood products. although serological methods have been proved to be useful, detection of these viruses has remained a challengingissue due to the many obstacles. by the advent of nucleic acid testing methods, especially in multiplex format, more precise detection is possible.the obj...