By using formaldehyde cross-linking of histones to DNA and gel retardation assays we show that formaldehyde fixation, similar to previously established psoralen photocross-linking, discriminates between nucleosome- packed (inactive) and nucleosome-free (active) fractions of ribosomal RNA genes. By both cross-linking techniques we were able to purify fragments from agarose gels, corresponding to...

Environmental effects on the materno-foetal interaction determine birth outcomes that predict health over the lifespan. Thus, maternal undernutrition or stress associate with low birth weight, leading to an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular illness in the offspring. We argue that these effects are, in part, mediated by direct and indirect effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adren...

Fusion genes containing 1600 or 2000 base pairs of the bovine thyroglobulin gene 5' flanking region and the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) coding sequence were constructed and used to generate transgenic mice. Altogether, 24 independent transgenic lines were obtained, and the expression of the transgene was assayed by measuring the CAT activity in different tissues. Depending on the tr...

Oxidized mercury (Hg(II)) is chemically produced in the atmosphere by oxidation of elemental mercury and is directly emitted by anthropogenic activities. We use the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model with gaseous oxidation driven by Br atoms to quantify how surface deposition of Hg(II) is influenced by Hg(II) production at different atmospheric heights. We tag Hg(II) chemically produced ...

We report the fate of different derivatives of the vitellogenin genes after injection into fertilized eggs of Xenopus. We injected a constructed minigene as well as a 5' fragment of the A2 vitellogenin gene. The minigene survives in embryogenesis much better than the 5' A2 fragment and is retained more frequently and at a higher level in frog tissues. The mosaic distribution of the foreign DNA ...

Phage phi 29 DNA cannot be phosphorylated with polynucleotide kinase and [gamma-32P]ATP because of the presence of a viral protein covalently linked to the 5' termini. The 5' ends can, however, be made susceptible to phosphorylation by treatment with alkali and alkaline phosphatase. Restriction fragments Hpa II C and Hpa II F, corresponding to the right and left ends of phi 29 DNA, respectively...

Oxidized mercury (Hg(II)) is chemically produced in the atmosphere by oxidation of elemental mercury and is directly emitted by anthropogenic activities. We use the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model, with gaseous oxidation driven by Br atoms, to quantify how surface deposition of Hg(II) is influenced by Hg(II) production at different atmospheric heights. We tag Hg(II) chemically produce...

Background: Knowing the human platelet angens (HPA) and genes frequency in different populaons is important not only for populaon studies but also for clinical transfusion pracce. HPA genes frequency in Iran is not evaluated, so we invesgated the HPA-2, HPA-3, and HPA-5 frequency and their polymorphism. Materials and Methods: DNA from 120 Iranians (99 Iranian blood donors and 21 paents wi...

Background: Thrombocytopenia occurs in 1-5 % of newborns (platelet count < 150 × 109/L). Low platelet 50 109/L leads to the hemorrhagic syndrome, with one its causes being neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia resulting from incompatibility between mother and fetus human antigens (HPA) inherited father absent mother, which formation maternal antibodies. Anti-HPA-1a, anti-HPA-5b, anti-HPA-3a, ...