Molecular hydrogen is widely used by microorganisms as a source of energy. One of the best studied aerobic hydrogen oxidizers, the beta-proteobacterium Ralstonia eutropha (formerly Alcaligenes eutrophus), harbors two distinct [NiFe]-hydrogenases which catalyze the heterolytic cleavage of H2 into 2H+ and 2e-. The genes encoding the hydrogenase subunits are arranged in two large operons together ...

Hox genes are well known for their key contribution to the establishment of the body architecture. This function relies on both local and long-range cis-regulatory elements that generate nested expression patterns of the various Hox genes along the anterior–posterior axis of the developing embryo. Interestingly, analyses of expression patterns in different species suggested that modulation of t...

Biological subclasses of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) can be defined by recurrent gene expression patterns, which typically segregate with specific chromosomal anomalies. The HOXA subgroup is characterized by deregulated homeobox A (HOXA) gene expression and is associated with translocations involving the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) and/or MLLT10 loci, SET-NUP214, or TCRB-HOXA. ...

Translocations involving chromosome 21q22 are frequently observed in hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), most of which have been known to be involved in malignant transformation through transcriptional dysregulation of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) target genes. Nineteen RUNX1 translocational partner genes, at least, have been identified, but not Homeo...

Members of the Abdominal-B-related Hox gene subfamily (belonging to homology groups 9 to 13) are coordinately expressed during limb bud development. Only two genes from homology group 13 (Hoxa-13 and Hoxd-13) are specifically expressed in the developing distal region (the autopod), which displays the most complex and evolutionarily flexible pattern among limb 'segments'. We report here that tar...

The limb muscle precursor cells migrate from the somites and congregate into the dorsal and ventral muscle masses in the limb bud. Complex muscle patterns are formed by successive splitting of the muscle masses and subsequent growth and differentiation in a region-specific manner. Hox genes, known as key regulator genes of cartilage pattern formation in the limb bud, were found to be expressed ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate HOXA-10 expression in endometrium from infertile patients with different forms of endometriosis; with uterine fibromas, or with unexplained infertility and from normal fertile women. METHODS Expression levels of HOXA-10 mRNA and protein in endometrium were measured during the mid-secretory phase. This study utilized laser capture microdissec...

Abstract Background LncRNA HOXA-AS2 has been found in the literature to deteriorate glioblastoma. However, its regulatory mechanism is yet be fully investigated. Our study focused chiefly on interaction and role of HOXA-AS2/miR-885-5p/RBBP4 axis development Methods qRT-PCR analysis was performed detect expression lncRNA, miRNA mRNA glioblastoma tissues cells. Dual-luciferase assay, RIP assay RN...

A wrist joint and structures typical of the hand, such as digits, however, are absent in [Eustenopteron] (Andrews and Westoll, '68, p 240). Great changes must have been undergone during evolution of the ankle joint; the small number of large bones in the fin must somehow have developed into a large number of small bones, and it is very difficult to draw homologies in this region, or even be cer...

Using gene targeting, we have produced mice with a disruption of Hoxa-9 or Hoxd-9, two paralogous Abdominal B-related genes. During embryogenesis, these genes are expressed in limb buds and along the vertebral axis with anterior expression boundaries at the level of prevertebra #20 for Hoxa-9 and #23 for Hoxd-9. Skeletal analysis revealed homeotic transformations corresponding to anteriorisatio...