We introduce a concept for a relief-printer, a novel produc­ tion method for tactile reliefs, that allows to reproduce bas-reliefs of several centimeters height difference. In contrast to available methods, this printer will have a much smaller preparation time, and does not consume material nor produce waste, since it is based on a re-usable medium, suitable for temporary printouts. Second, we...

Since the Sassanid era, many reliefs and seals have left and by reviewing their designs, the mythical and religious attitudes of those people can be understood. The purpose of this article is to decode and interpret the symbolic paintings and to review and study the myths, concepts, and religious rituals of this period. The question is that what the divine and human origin of the symbolic paint...

Bas-reliefs are widely used in the world around us, for example, on coinage, for branding products, and for sculptural decoration. Reverse engineering of reliefs—extracting existing reliefs from input surfaces—makes it possible to apply them to new items; relief editing tools allow modification of reverseengineered reliefs. This paper presents a novel approach to relief extraction based on diff...

Sufi and mystic poets employ linguistic evidence, especially expressions regarding animals, to represent mystic concepts. In this study, to explore and clarify the meanings Mulana intended to convey as the field of destination, we will examine the linguistic expression “the Lion” as the field of origination in ghazals of Divan Kabir by using the conceptual theories of metaphor introduced by Geo...

To investigate structure-function relationships of erythropoietin (Epo), we have obtained cDNA sequences that encode the mature Epo protein of a variety of mammals. A first set of primers, corresponding to conserved nucleotide sequences between mouse and human DNAs, allowed us to amplify by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) intron I/ exon 2 fragments from genomic DNA of the hamster, cat, lion, do...

Only a few land-animal fats have been studied in detail so far with respect to their fatty acid composition and the pattern of glyceride molecules. Among those whose fatty acid compositions are available are lion and cat (Hilditch, Sime & Maddison, 1942; Gunstone & Russell, 1954), puma (Giral, 1945), tiger (Pathak & Agarwal, 1952; Gunstone, 1955), sacred baboon, Ceylon sloth bear (Hilditch et a...

Substitution at codon Ser315 of katG gene, a reliable marker for isoniazid (INH) resistance and proliferate in spite of the loss of cell wall is called an L- form. Unstable L- forms  can convert to normal cells but stble L-forms can not.cell wall - deffective state may be induced spontaneously or through the action of an appropriate agent such as antibiotic interfering with the synthesis of cel...

The W-Arly-Pendjari (WAP) ecosystem, shared among Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger, represents the last lion stronghold of West Africa. To assess the impact of trophy hunting on lion populations in hunting areas of the WAP, we analyzed trends in harvest rates from 1999 to 2014. We also investigated whether the hunting areas with higher initial hunting intensity experienced steeper declines in lion...

mutannabi the well-known arab poet has dedicated many lines of his poetry to describing animals directly or indirectly. among the animals to whichmutanabbi has paid attention the horse has a very special status. most of the lines in which he has in some way described horses or horse riders are the lines about fights and battles in which the poet depicts the victories and bravery of the courageo...