Horner syndrome, or oculosympathetic dysfunction, was described by the Swiss ophthalmologist Friedrich Horner in 1869,1 and represents the interruption of the cervical sympathetic nervous system. It is characterized by a symptom triad: ptosis (upside down ptosis), pupillary miosis and facial anhidrosis, although some authors associate a fourth symptom to the syndrome, facial hyperemia.2 It is a...

Pancoast-Tobias syndrome is a rare entity, defined by clinical triad of cervicobrachial neuralgia in the C8-D1 territory, hand amyotrophy and Claude-Bernard-Horner syndrome, secondary to tumor pulmonary apex. However, there are incomplete or misleading forms that can lead wrong diagnosis. The purpose our observation study electroneuromyographic patterns brachial plexus involvement syndrome.

BACKGROUND Horner syndrome (HS), also known as Claude-Bernard-Horner syndrome or oculosympathetic palsy, comprises ipsilateral ptosis, miosis, and facial anhidrosis. CASE REPORT We report herein the case of a 67-year-old man who presented with congenital HS associated with ipsilateral hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery (ICA), as revealed by heterochromia iridis and confirmed by compute...

We report a rare case of hypoplasia of the right internal carotid artery (ICA) with ipsilateral congenital Horner syndrome. The etiology and pathogenesis of hypoplasia of the ICA is not well understood. Multiple types of collateral flow have been reported to develop to maintain blood supply to the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere. Although collateral flow may allow these patients to remain asymp...

A 63-year-old man presented with headache, hoarseness, and dysphagia. He had a left-sided Horner syndrome and wasting of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. His tongue was deviated to the left on protrusion (figure 1). MRI and CT angiography revealed a distal left internal carotid artery dissection (figure 2). Villaret syndrome is a rare clinical entity comprising IX, X, XI, and XII cranial ne...