CH4 column over the Amazon can occur some months prior to the peak in the water table (the measure used to characterise the ’wetland’). The parameterisation is then applied globally and used in the GEOS-CHEM atmospheric chemistry model. This work is highly relevant as many of the leading land surface models (e.g., the US Community Land Model (Riley et al., 2011), the Joint UK Land Environment S...

Methane oxidation in the rhizosphere of wetland plants may significantly attenuate methane losses from wetland soils to the atmosphere. Our objective was to measure the extent of methane production and oxidation in the rhizosphere of a common wetland plant (Sagittaria landfolia L. Per.). Methyl fluoride (CH3F), a water-soluble gas and a specific inhibitor of methane oxidation, was used in conju...

the purpose of this article is to identify the various mystical interpretations of horuf-e-moqatta’e (separated letters) in qur’an. ten mystical interpreters-the qur’an-al-azim, haghayegh-al-tafsir, lata’ef- al-esharat, kashf-al-asrar, ara’es-al-bayan, ta’vilat, rouh-al-bayan, manzum e safi, bayan-al-sa’adah- have been selected from several centuries and their explanations, after entries about ...

Largely influenced by the passage of the Swamp Land Act of 1849, many wetlands were lost in the coastal plain region of the southeastern United States, primarily as a result of drainage for agricultural activities. To better understand the chemical response of soils during wetland conversion, soil core samples were collected from the converted beef cattle pastures and from the natural wetland a...

It is now widely recognised that wetlands provide many important goods and services to human societies. Examples include drinking water, flood mitigation, water quality control, fish products and recreational and residential opportunities. The non-use values that society attributes to wetland species and ecosystems can also be significant (Turner et al., 1998a). Wetland ecosystems are, however,...

divine control reduce earthly punishment Kristin Laurin1,*,†, Azim F. Shariff 2,†, Joseph Henrich3 and Aaron C. Kay4 Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, BC, Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403 USA Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4 Department of Psychology and Neuroscience,...

Wetlands provide habitat for a diverse array of aquatic and semiaquatic species, many of which provide direct economic and recreational value (Woodward and Wui 2001). Despite the provided by wetland fauna and flora, ecosystem services historical wetland loss has been dramatic. Wetland loss was >50% in the U.S. and 60-70% in Europe by the 1980s, with most losses resulting from agriculture and ur...

Plants that accumulate a small percentage of metals in constructed treatment wetlands can contribute to remediation of acidic, metal contaminated runoff waters from coal mines or processing areas. We examined root and shoot concentrations of elements in four perennial wetland species over two seasons in mesocosm wetland systems designed to remediate water from a coal pile runoff basin. Deep wet...

1 Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Wetland Cover Changes in East Kolkata Wetlands, India from 1972 to 2011 Xia Li, Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA Chandana Mitra, Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA Luke Marzen, Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA Qichun Yang, Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northw...