It is widely believed that the popular AS path prepending (ASPP) method is very effective in controlling the inbound traffic for multi-homed AS. The ASPP method artificially increases the length of the AS path advertised in BGP routes with the hope of discouraging the upstream AS from using the prepended routes. But the result of this method is usually unpredictable, i.e. the amount of traffic ...

The evolving fourth generation wireless networks provide heterogeneous wireless access. This feature enables the multi homed mobile devices to seamlessly roam across various wireless access technologies and to connect always to the best available access network that provides the best QOS at a minimum cost. Different applications have different QOS requirements and accordingly their choice of ac...

Small and medium sized businesses often operate local area networks that connect via service providers to the Internet. If multiple connections are required, there are two options available: A gateway router that operates the border gateway protocol or a simpler gateway appliance that mostly uses load balancing and often network address translation. However, there is no simple way to multi-home...

Hematopoietic reconstitution of ablated recipients requires that intravenously (IV) transplanted stem and progenitor cells "home" to organs that support their proliferation and differentiation. To examine the possible relationship between homing properties and subsequent engraftment potential, murine bone marrow (BM) cells were labeled with fluorescent PKH26 dye and injected into lethally irrad...

Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have been suggested as a potential choice for treatment of male infertility. Yet, the effects of MSCs on regeneration of germinal epithelium of seminiferous tubules and recovery of spermatogenesis have remained controversial. In this research, we have evaluated and compared the fate of autologous bone marrow (BM)-MSCs during three different periods of t...

Demands from users of future generation networks will include seamless access to services across multiple wireless access networks. Handsets and laptops will typically be equipped with several network interfaces and have enough computing power and battery capacity to connect to several access networks simultaneously within and over administrative domains in a multi-homed

Three species of ground-nesting birds of the shortgrass prairie demonstrate contrasting strategies in nest placement: nests of Lark Buntings (Calamospiza melanocorys) are situated beneath shrubs or bunch grasses, whereas nests of McCown’s Longspurs (Calcarius mccownii) and Homed Larks (Eremophila alpestris) are associated with sparse cover and are relatively exposed. Nests of these species exhi...