This paper approaches the combinatorial problem of Thue freeness for partial words. Partial words are sequences over a finite alphabet that may contain a number of “holes.” First, we give an infinite word over a three-letter alphabet which avoids squares of length greater than two even after we replace an infinite number of positions with holes. Then, we give an infinite word over an eight-lett...

Very preliminary version; 09/23/07. I am grateful to John Hagedoorn and Wilko Letterie for their invaluable support and advice. I am also very appreciative of the helpful comments and suggestions offered

Charged extremal black holes cannot fully evaporate through the Hawking effect and are thus long lived. Over their lifetimes, these black holes take part in a variety of astrophysical processes, including many that lead to their eventual destruction. This paper explores the various events that shape the life of extremal black holes and calculates the corresponding time scales.

Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), a recent invasive pest of small and stone fruits, has been detected in more than half of the U.S. states, and in Canada, Mexico, and Europe. Upon discovery, several different trap designs were recommended for monitoring. This study compared the trap designs across seven states/provinces in North America and nine crop types. Between May and ...

Dipolar streamers are coronal structures formed by open solar flux converging from coronal holes of opposite polarity. Thus, the dipolar streamer belt traces the coronal foot point of the heliospheric current sheet, and it is strongly associated with the origin of slow solar wind. Pseudostreamers, on the other hand, separate converging regions of open solar flux from coronal holes of the same p...

Abstract. We define the correlation of holes on the triangular lattice under periodic boundary conditions and study its asymptotics as the distances between the holes grow to infinity. We prove that the joint correlation of an arbitrary collection of lattice-triangular holes of even sides satisfies, for large separations between the holes, a Coulomb law and a superposition principle that perfec...

A new method for automated detection of polar coronal holes is presented. This method, called perimeter tracing, uses a series of 171, 195, and 304 Å full disk images from the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) on SOHO over solar cycle 23 to measure the perimeter of polar coronal holes as they appear on the limbs. Perimeter tracing minimizes line-of-sight obscurations caused by the emi...

A new method for automated detection of polar coronal holes is presented. This method, called perimeter tracing, uses a series of 171, 195, and 304 Å full disk images from the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) on SOHO over solar cycle 23 to measure the perimeter of polar coronal holes as they appear on the limbs. Perimeter tracing minimizes line-of-sight obscurations caused by the emi...

Nowadays, developed and applied hydrology become very important thing in the life due to the wide verity advantages for the applications of this field. Hydraulic Structures such as crump weir are placed in channels to estimate or measure flow rate and flow control devices. In this study there is a new performance for crump weir which appears by adding opening holes in the model  of crump weir. ...