The hydrodynamic description of trickle flow is a complex field of study. One of the main contributors to the complexity is the existence of multiple hydrodynamic states (MHS). As early as 1978, Kan & Greenfield reported different pressure drop and holdup readings for the same liquid and gas feed rates. The study revealed that the flow history experienced by the bed determined the specific hydr...

Holdup in Oligopsonistic Labour Markets: A New Role for the Minimum Wage We consider a labour market model of oligopsonistic wage competition and show that there is a holdup problem although workers do not have any bargaining power. When a firm invests more, it pays a higher wage in order to attract workers from competitors. Because workers participate in the returns on investment while only fi...

Abstract What drives investment in automation technologies? This paper documents a positive relationship between labor-friendly institutions and industrial robots sample of advanced developing economies. Institutions explain substantial share cross-country variation automation. The is stronger sunk cost-intensive industries, where producers are vulnerable to holdup. result suggests that one rea...

Oil-water two-phase flow is widespread in petroleum industry processes. The study of oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal pipes and the liquid holdup measurement of oil-water two-phase flow are of great importance for the optimization of the oil production process. This paper presents a novel sensor, i.e., a mini-conductance probe (MCP) for measuring pure-water phase conductivity of oil-water...

An important theme of modern contract theory is the role contracts play to protect parties from the risk of holdup and thereby encouraging their relationship specific investments. While this perspective has generated valuable insights about various contracts, the underlying models abstract from realistic investment dynamics. We reexamine the role of contracts in a dynamic model that endogenizes...

Numerous techniques have been used to identify flow-regimes and liquid holdup in horizontal multiphase flow, but often neither perform well nor very accurate. Recently, neuro-fuzzy inference systems learning scheme have been gaining popularity in its capability for solving both prediction and classification problems. It is a hybrid intelligent systems scheme that is able to forecast an output i...

The main objective of this paper is to examine the effect of nanomaterials on mass transfer coefficient in bubble type absorption of carbon dioxide by experiment. The absorption process is carried out in a bubble column and in room temperature. Mass transfer coefficient, saturated concentration of CO2, and gas holdup are determined in this system. The kinds of nanomaterials, the concentrations ...

The hydrodynamics in a 152 mm ID bubbling fluidized bed filled with 500-600 μm glass beads have been simulated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code Fluent 6.3, and the results are compared to experimental data obtained using pressure measurements and 3D X-ray computed tomography. The grids in a Cartesian coordinate system used in simulations are made by 2D (8×8 mm, 4×4 mm, 2×2 mm, ...

In order to clarify the gas-water two-phase flow law in horizontal wells and study characteristics wells, firstly, a well is numerically simulated analyzed, pattern distribution under different inclination angles phase separation rates obtained. Secondly, series of production logging instruments including CAT instrument was used conduct experimental research on conditions, measured values each ...