Despite traditional theories emphasizing parietal contributions to spatial attention and sensory-motor integration, functional MRI (fMRI) experiments in normal subjects suggest that specific regions within parietal cortex may also participate in episodic memory. Here we examined correlations in spontaneous blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal fluctuations in a resting state to identi...

This study was performed to anatomically illustrate the living canine hippocampal formation in three-dimensions (3D), and to evaluate its relationship to surrounding brain structures. Three normal beagle dogs were scanned on a MR scanner with inversion recovery segmented threedimensoinal gradient echo sequence (known as MP-RAGE: Magnetization Prepared Rapid Gradient Echo). The MRI data was manu...

Honeyguides (Indicatoridae, Piciformes) are unique among birds in several respects. All subsist primarily on wax, are obligatory brood parasites and one species engages in 'guiding' behavior in which it leads human honey hunters to bees' nests. This unique life history has likely shaped the evolution of their brain size and morphology. Here, we test that hypothesis using comparative data on rel...

Object recognition memory was assessed on a novel-object preference (NOP) task in rats with lesions of the hippocampal formation (HPC). The learning and test phases of NOP trials occurred in either the same context or in different contexts. When the learning and test contexts were the same, rats with HPC lesions performed like control rats, displaying a significant tendency to investigate a nov...

The hippocampal formation (HF) functions in two domains of memory: spatial and nonspatial associative memory. The HF includes the hippocampus proper, the dentate gyrus, and the subicular complex. Studies of spatial correlates of HF neuronal activity have revealed that a subject's location in space can impose critical constraints on patterns of neuronal activity in the HF. This report compares m...

The role of the brain monoamines in the development of hippocampal kindling was studied. Reserpine markedly facilitated the formation of hippocampal kindling. The high amplitude spike waves in the amygdala and reticular formation appeared earlier in the reserpine treated rats than in the saline injected rats. alpha-Methyl-p-tyrosine did not have any effect on the formation of hippocampal kindli...

Introduction: It has been reported that oral morphine dependency facilitated formation of spatial learning and memory. In the present study the role of NMDA receptors located in hippocampal CA1 area of morphine dependent rats was studied. Methods: Male rats were divided into 4 groups. Two cannulae were stereotaxically implanted bilaterally into the hippocampal CA1 area. After 5 days recover...

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicates that several of the long-term consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are the result of changes in the development and function of cortico-limbic structures, including the hippocampal formation. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) are key regulators of hippocampal formation development, structure, and functionin...

Patient RB (Human amnesia and the medial temporal region: enduring memory impairment following a bilateral lesion limited to field CA1 of the hippocampus, S. Zola-Morgan, L. R. Squire, and D. G. Amaral, 1986, J Neurosci 6:2950-2967) was the first reported case of human amnesia in which detailed neuropsychological analyses and detailed postmortem neuropathological analyses demonstrated that dama...

The goal of this work was to analyze asymmetry of hippocampal formation in PTSD patients. The objects of the analysis were 10 MRI scans of patients with PTSD with established cognitive function damage. MRI scans were obtained using MAGNET IMPACT SIEMENS 1,0 TESLA in T1 and T2 relaxation. The measurement of hippocampal formation dimensions, and comparisons between the right and the left side wer...