Abstract Background Best match graphs (BMGs) are a class of colored digraphs that naturally appear in mathematical phylogenetics as representation the pairwise most closely related genes among multiple species. An arc connects gene x with y from another species (vertex color) Y whenever it is one phylogenetically closest relatives . BMGs can be approximated help similarity measures between sequ...

vehicular ad-hoc network (vanet) is an important component of intelligent transportation systems, in which vehicles are equipped with on-board computing and communication devices which enable vehicle-to-vehicle communication. consequently, with regard to larger communication due to the greater number of vehicles, stability of connectivity would be a challenging problem. clustering technique as ...

Heuristic algorithms are able to optimize objective functions efficiently because they use intelligently the information about functions. Thus, utilization is critical performance of heuristics. However, concept has remained vague and abstract there no reliable metric reflect extent which function utilized by heuristic algorithms. In this paper, ratio (IUR) defined, quantity over acquired in se...