A rapid determination of the total bacterial count in drinking water is important to the operators of treatment plants and distribution systems. It will allow corrective measures in real-time, such as increasing the disinfectant dose or removing water that has high bacterial numbers. The present heterotrophic plate count (HPC) analysis takes seven days and is not useful for operational interven...

 Review the detection methods for organic chloramine described in the literature  Evaluate the formation of organic chloramine from reactions between extracellular polymer substances (EPS), a component of biofilms, and disinfectants (free chlorine or monochloramine)  Evaluate the formation of organic chloramine by reaction between heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria (as planktonic bacte...

this study focused on use of bacterial extracellular enzyme activities as biochemical parameters, along with the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics, in a comprehensive assessment of water quality of four lake ecosystems in the province of vojvodina (northern serbia): provala, ludas, zobnatica and palic. water samples were collected in june and october, 2008. for assessment of ...

Only a small percentage of the heterotrophic bacteria encountered in water distribution systems are identifiable, because of these organisms fail to grow on the conventional media used for biochemical characterization. Organisms that would not subculture from the same standard plate count agar used for initial isolation were successfully subcultured on a low-nutrient medium, R3A. These cultures...

background : dental unit waterlines (duwls) are ideal nvironment for development of microbial biofilms. microbial contamination of water in duwls is thought to be the result of biofilm formation as it could serves as a haven for pathogens. the aim of this study was to assess microbial quality of water in dental unit waterlines of dental units located at the dental school of isfahan university o...

Methods During a routine control of hospital water, contamination with Legionella spp. was detected. To protect the patients from exposure to Legionella, shower heads were replaced by point-of-use shower filters (H2OK medical filters, Norit Filtrix, The Netherlands). The efficacy of 4 shower filters was tested during 5 weeks. Water samples were taken with and without use of the shower filter an...

5.1 INTRODUCTION Organisms detected by the heterotrophic plate count (HPC) are ubiquitous in drinking-water. In order to assess the basis of confidence in existing measurements, particularly of the HPC, we have to reexamine the current role of potential waterborne bacteria in human disease. In this chapter, we therefore consider the following groups of bacteria of concern: • commensal bacteria;...

While the literature documents the universal occurrence of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria in soils, foods, air, and all sources of water, there is a lingering question as to whether this group of organisms may signal an increased health risk when elevated populations are present in drinking water. This paper reviews the relevant literature on HPC bacteria in drinking water, the lack o...