PURPOSE To establish whether the cover test and von Graefe methods are interchangeable in a non-presbyopic and presbyopic population. METHODS We performed a prospective study on a sample of 127 non-presbyopic subjects between 20 and 45 years old and 56 presbyopic between 40 and 78 years old. Distance and near vision phoria were measured using the von Graefe method (VG) and cover test (CT). We...

purpose : to determine the fusional amplitudes and the frequency of hetrophoria, in our patients methods : in this cross sectional study, 111 adults with mean age of 25.6 years were included. all participants had best corrected visual acuity (bcva) better than 20/25, more than 60 sec of arc stereopsis and had no heterotropia or other significant eye disorders. fusional amplitudes were measured ...

purpose : to evaluate the effect of induced esophoria and exophoria on distance stereoacuity at 6 meters methods : fifty subjects with distance corrected or uncorrected visual acuity of 6/6 and orthophoria without history of amblyopia, strabismus or any ocular pathology were recruited and distance stereoacuity was measured by howard-dolman test before and after introducing 2, 4, 6 and 8δ base i...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE To assess the distribution of near point of convergence (NPC), near heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic school children in South Korea. METHODS One hundred and thirty-six elementary school children, aged 8-13 years, were each given a thorough eye examination including binocular vision testing, NPC using standard push-up technique, horizontal heterophoria measuremen...

purpose: the goal of this study was to compare differences in the mean heterophoria and fusional amplitudes before and after photorefractive keratectomy (prk) for myopia. methods: in a prospective controlled study, myopic patients were treated with aspheric and wavefront-guided (personalized) prk. the manifest refraction, visual acuity, fusional amplitudes and heterophoria were evaluated preope...

PURPOSE Binocular alignment typically includes motor fusion compensating for heterophoria. This study evaluated heterophoria and then accommodation and vergence responses during measurement of fusional ranges in infants and preschoolers. METHODS Purkinje image eye tracking and eccentric photorefraction (MCS PowerRefractor) were used to record the eye alignment and accommodation of uncorrected...

The purpose of this study was to test postural control during quiet standing in nonspecific chronic low back pain (LBP) subjects with vertical heterophoria (VH) before and after cancellation of VH; also to compare with healthy subjects with, and without VH. Fourteen subjects with LBP took part in this study. The postural performance was measured through the center of pressure displacements with...

In the first part of the paper we demonstrate that the oculomotor system adapts to prism-induced heterophoria over limited motor fields. In the second part we demonstrate that it can also adapt to an induced anisometropia. When normal subjects are made 3 diopters anisometropic, they initially exhibit a phoria whose magnitude is dependent on eye position. After 21/2 hr of binocular visual experi...