BACKGROUND Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) with lower impact on blood coagulation but longer intravascular persistence are of clinical interest. The current study aimed to investigate in vivo the isolated effect of molecular weight on blood coagulation during progressive acute normovolemic hemodilution. METHODS Twenty-four pigs were normovolemically hemodiluted up to a total exchange of 50 ml . k...

BACKGROUND Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 may impair blood coagulation less than other HES solutions and, thus, may be used at larger doses without increasing the risk of postoperative bleeding. This study tested the hypothesis that volume replacement with 6% HES 130/0.4 at a dose of up to 50 ml/kg does not increase blood loss and transfusion requirements in elective coronary artery bypass s...

BACKGROUND Third-generation hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions have been developed to minimize negative effects on hemostasis. In normal pregnancy, the coagulation activity increases, reaching a maximum around term. This study examined the effects of hemodilution with HES 130/0.4 (6%) on blood coagulation in parturients in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Forty parturients scheduled for cesarean s...

In brain-dead donor resuscitation, hydroxyethyl starch (HES) use has been associated with presence of osmotic-nephrosis-like lesions in kidney transplant recipients. Our aim was to determine whether the presence of HES in protocol renal graft biopsies at three months (M3) after transplantation is associated with renal graft quality. According to the HES administered to the donor during the proc...

PURPOSE Although toxic to the retina in its native form, the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) shows no apparent retinal toxicity when bound to hydroxyethyl-starch (HES). Conjugation of DFO does not alter its iron binding properties. Once bound, iron is no longer active in the production of toxic oxygen intermediates. This investigation seeks to determine whether HES-conjugated DFO (HES-DFO) pro...

We studied the long-term efficacy and safety of medium-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch (HES) administered in doses above 20 ml.kg-1 during major blood replacement therapy. Blood replacement for 50 patients used 6% HES 200/0.5 (HES group) or 5% albumin (ALB group) and additional blood components according to a defined protocol. We compared safety, efficacy and costs in 4 peri-operative days...

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is empirically defined as the presence of prolonged eosinophilia without an identifiable underlying cause, and with evidence of end-organ dysfunction. Virtually any organ system may be involved, most frequently the heart, the central and peripheral nervous system, the lungs and the skin. We report on two clinical cases where the diagnosis of HES, with...

conclusions the obtained results indicate that rsm is an effective method for the optimization of culture conditions for hes gene expression in e. coli. results a maximum rhes mrna level of 376.16% was obtained under the following conditions: 0.6 mm iptg, 7 hours post-induction time, and 0.9 cell density before induction. the level of rhes mrna was significantly correlated with post-induction t...

Whether hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is safe for perioperative use is not known. Evaluating HES in cardiac surgery, Jacob and colleagues suggested conclusion was of a more favorable safety profile for HES 130/0.4 [1]. The authors, however, wrongly stated that they followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines because the meta-analysis lacked a ...