conclusions this study shows that bdnf and ngf expression decreases in diabetic neuropathy. however, this decrease can be reversed through endurance training. these results also indicate that endurance training may have a potential role in compensating for neurotrophin deficiency following diabetic neuropathy. objectives this experimental study was designed and carried out at the tarbiat modare...

low glucose condition induces neuronal cell-death via intracellular mechanisms including mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) signaling pathways. it has been shown that low glucose medium decreases neuronal survival in cerebellar granule neurons (cgns). in this study, we have examined the activation of jnk, p38kinase and erk1/2 pathways in low glucose medium in cgns. the cgns were prepared ...

background and purpose: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) is present in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in high concentrations and has an important role in development, maintenance and regeneration of the nervous system. the aim of this study was to produce active bdnf in e.coli using transforming plasmid. methods: to construct an expression plasmid of bdnf, a gene coding for it was ...

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are key regulators of complex molecular networks due to the interaction of their sugar chains with a large number of partner proteins, which in humans number more than 200 (Ori, A., Wilkinson, M. C., and Fernig, D. G. (2008) The heparanome and regulation of cell function: structures, functions and challenges. Front. Biosci. 13, 4309–4338). We developed a method to ...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A165) displays diverse effects through binding to its receptor, KDR (kinase domain-containing receptor). Heparan sulfate/heparin-like molecules greatly contribute to their interaction. Indeed, the mitogenic potency of VEGF-A165 lacking the C-terminal heparin-binding region is less than 1% compared with intact VEGF-A165. We previously found novel heparin-...