OBJECTIVE Heat illnesses contribute to significant morbidity and occasional mortality in athletic populations. Sunburn increases the risk of various skin carcinomas. This report provides an overview of the etiology, symptomatology, risk identification, prevention, and treatment for heat related illnesses and sunburn. CLINICAL FEATURES Four cases are presented to illustrate the diagnosis and i...

BACKGROUND Heat illness is a preventable disorder in military populations. Measures that protect vulnerable individuals and contribute to effective Immediate Treatment may reduce the impact of heat illness, but depend upon adequate understanding and awareness among Commanders and their troops. OBJECTIVE To assess risk factors for heat illness in British soldiers deployed to the hot Collective...

The purposes of this review are to show pathophysiological mechanisms for heat illness during working in a hot environment and accordingly provide some preventive considerations from a viewpoint of body fluid homeostasis. The incidence of the heat illness is closely associated with body temperature regulation, which is much affected by body fluid state in humans. Heat generated by contracting m...

OBJECTIVES The study objective was to assess hydration status by measuring USG among construction workers in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study design was comparative and experimental. Sixty participants were randomly selected from the construction workers from a construction campus with a similar type of work, climate and diet and formed 2 groups (individuals exposed to the sun and non-ex...

BACKGROUND Patients with acute heat illness present primarily to emergency departments (EDs), yet little is known regarding these visits. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe acute heat illness visits to U.S. EDs from 2006 through 2010 and identify factors associated with hospital admission or with death in the ED. METHODS We extracted ED case-level data from the Nationwide Emergency Department S...

BACKGROUND Implicit in all indices used for risk assessment in the prevention of heat stress is the assumption that workers are healthy and well hydrated; studies in Australian mine workers have shown that this is not the case. Where workers are poorly hydrated, the level of protection offered by management strategies based primarily on environmental monitoring is compromised. OBJECTIVES To i...

UNLABELLED The use of caffeine supplements in athletic and military populations has increased in recent years. Excessive caffeine consumption in conjunction with exercise in a hot environment may predispose individuals to heat illness. PURPOSE To examine heat balance induced by a large dose of caffeine during exercise in a hot environment. METHODS Ten men, not heat acclimated and not habitu...

CONTEXT Exertional heat exhaustion (HEX) is the most common form of heat illness experienced by athletes, laborers, and military personnel. Both dehydration stemming from a water and/or salt deficiency and a high ambient temperature must exist for HEX to occur. In the field, appropriate therapy can reduce recovery time. OBJECTIVE This manuscript provides clinical guidance regarding return to ...