The paper presents a theoretical study about turbulent film boiling on a horizontal tube with external flowing liquid. The high velocity flowing liquid is determined by potential flow theory. By using Colburn analogy, the present paper successfully addresses a new model to predict the vaporliquid interfacial shear, applies the interfacial shear into the forced balance equation and then combines...

Nocturnal cooling of urban areas governs the evolution of thermal state and many thermal-driven environmental issues in cities, especially those suffer strong urban heat island (UHI) effect. Advances in the fundamental understanding of the underlying physics of nighttime UHI involve disentangling complex contributing effects and remains an open challenge. In this study, we develop new numerical...

The heat-bal ance in te gral method is used to solve the non-lin ear heat dif fu sion equa tion in static tur bu lent superfluid he lium (He II). Al though this is an ap prox i mate method, it has proven that it gives so lu tions with fairly good ac cu racy in non-lin ear fluid dy nam ics and heat trans fer. Us ing this method, it has been pos si ble to de velop pre dic tive so lu tions that re...

The urban heat island phenomenon occurs as a mixed result of anthropogenic heat discharge, decreased vegetation, and increased artificial impervious surfaces. To clarify the contribution of each factor to the urban heat island, it is necessary to evaluate the surface heat balance. Satellite remote sensing data of Tainan City, Taiwan, obtained from Terra ASTER and Formosat-2 were used to estimat...

Because of the complexity of wet steam two-phase condensation flow, many problems remain to be solved. The important part of condensation theory—the calculation of the water droplet growth model in the transition zone—is not ideal; thus, it is necessary to develop a water droplet growth model with full-scale range. On the basis of the heat and mass transfer equilibrium in droplet growth, a coup...

Intradialytic body temperature changes are governed by the thermal energy balance and heat capacity of the body. Resting energy expenditure is dissipated to the environment by evaporation, conduction and radiation. Homeostatic mechanisms maintain body temperature to an individual set-point by changing the radiative heat loss through vasoconstriction and vasodilatation. During haemodialysis, the...

The radiant time series method is a new method for performing design cooling load calculations, derived from the heat balance method. It effectively replaces all other simplified (non-heat-balance) methods such as the cool#zg load temperature difference~solar cooling load~cooling load factor method (CLTD/SCL/CLF), the total equivalent temperature difference~time averaging method (TETD/TA), and ...

The microclimate of plant communities varied with energy balance, turbulent exchange and thermal status of the soil surface. Available net radiation is the balance between incoming and outgoing radiation which is the main source of energy in the earth system. The balance of energy at the earth’s surface is closely associated with the overlying atmospheric boundary layer (Roxy et al., 2014). The...

Thermodynamic analysis of a steady state flow and heat transfer of an Oldroyd 8-constant fluid with effect of heat source, velocity slip and buoyancy force under tranverse a magnetic field is is carried out in this paper. The model for momentum and energy balance is tackled numerically using Method of Weighted Residual (MWR). Partition method is used to minimize the associated residuals. The re...

industrial energy consumption lies between 30% and 70% of the total energy consumed in selected countries. cement production is one of the most energy intensive industries all around the world. this paper deals with an energy audit analysis in a cement plant in iran. in all recent works, after performing an energy audit, different strategies are offered to reduce energy losses. generally, these...