• Climate change necessitates urgent adaptation and mitigation, including in health systems. The World Health Organization co-launched the COP26 Programme as a platform for national commitments. Over 50 countries committed to environmentally sustainable and/or climate-resilient National policies should reflect contextual balance between mitigation adaptation. These must recognize interlinkages,...

the error of inertial navigation systems increase versus time, therefore for achieving higher accuracy specially in long time navigations we have to use an aiding system. global positioning system is the best aiding system in this case. in this paper we first simulate a gps and ins; then simulate tightly integration and finally review adaptation method of kalman filtering a fuzzy adaptive kalma...

this article is a commentary of an overview on “medical tourism” submitted by lunt and marrion, which describes a framework for the study of the issues related to medical tourism. the commentary attempts to differentiate between the current interest in medical tourism and the time-honored and well-established treatment abroad from countries with underdeveloped health systems. the commentary als...

abstract aim and background: this study was conducted with the aim of explaining aspects of conceptual framework of indicators for mental health.providing mental health indicators conceptual framework could provide for the creation of a unified set of mental health indicators. methods and materials: this research was conducted in the method of systematic review and in type of library researchin...

introduction: in recent years spatial justice has gained special importance among planners and geographers. since the urban public services form the structure, shape and the nature of the physical, social and urban space, inequities in their distribution cause irreversible negative effects on the structure and the nature of city and social segregation of the people, and serious challenges in th...

the collection of data within the primary health care facilities in iran is essentially paper-based. it is focused on family’s health, monitoring of non-infectious and infectious diseases. clearly due to the paper-based nature of the tasks, timely decision making at most can be difficult if not impossible. as part of an on-going electronic health record implementation project at tehran universi...

health systems research aims to understand the governance of health systems (i.e. how health systems function and perform and how their actors interact with each other). this can be achieved by applying innovative methodologies and concepts that are going to capture the complexity and dynamics of health systems when they are affected by shocks. the capacity of health systems to adapt to shocks ...

introduction: direct cash payments are the principal sources of health care finance in most countries. health services may impose a regressive cost burden on households, especially in developing countries. the purpose of this study was to calculate households encountered with catastrophic healthcare expenditures in qazvin, iran. methods: the statistical society included 100 household equaled to...

conclusions geographic accessibility of pharmacies at night and on holidays has to be addressed by provincial health policymakers. materials and methods the analysis was based on straight-line distance measurements. we considered 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 m for pedestrians, and 1, 2, and 3 km for driving accessibility as the acceptable distances. we calculated the number and percentage of hou...