نتایج جستجو برای: head movements

تعداد نتایج: 243456  

Journal: :The Journal of experimental biology 1994
F M Kuenzi T J Carew

Searching is an important component of several types of goal-directed behaviour. In soft-bodied animals, searching behaviour can appear quite complex because the range of body movement is not constrained by joints, limbs or muscles with discrete areas of origin and insertion. In addition, animals exhibiting this type of behaviour utilize their maximum freedom of movement. In this paper, we desc...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2003
Julio C Martinez-Trujillo Hongying Wang J Douglas Crawford

The supplementary eye fields (SEFs), located on the dorsomedial surface of the frontal cortex, are involved in high-level aspects of saccade generation. Some reports suggest that the same area could also be involved in the generation of motor commands for the head. If so, it is important to establish whether this structure encodes eye and head commands separately or gaze commands that give rise...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2004
T Belton R A McCrea

The vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) functions to stabilize gaze when the head moves. The flocculus region (FLR) of the cerebellar cortex, which includes the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus, plays an essential role in modifying signal processing in VOR pathways so that images of interest remain stable on the retina. In squirrel monkeys, the firing rate of most FLR Pk cells is modulated during V...

Journal: :Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 2009
Steven M Boker Jeffrey F Cohn Barry-John Theobald Iain Matthews Timothy R Brick Jeffrey R Spies

When people speak with one another, they tend to adapt their head movements and facial expressions in response to each others' head movements and facial expressions. We present an experiment in which confederates' head movements and facial expressions were motion tracked during videoconference conversations, an avatar face was reconstructed in real time, and naive participants spoke with the av...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2001
B D Corneil E Olivier F J Richmond G E Loeb D P Munoz

Electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded in < or = 12 neck muscles in four alert monkeys whose heads were unrestrained to describe the spatial and temporal patterns of neck muscle activation accompanying a large range of head postures and movements. Some head postures and movements were elicited by training animals to generate gaze shifts to visual targets. Other spontaneous head movements...

Journal: :Presence 2003
Caroline Jay Roger J. Hubbold

The head-mounted display (HMD) is a popular form of virtual display, due to its ability to immerse users visually in virtual environments (VEs). Unfortunately, the user’s virtual experience is compromised by the narrow field of view (FOV) it affords, which is less than half that of normal human vision. This paper explores a solution to some of the problems caused by the narrow FOV, by amplifyin...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2000
T Belton R A McCrea

The contribution of the flocculus region of the cerebellum to horizontal gaze pursuit was studied in squirrel monkeys. When the head was free to move, the monkeys pursued targets with a combination of smooth eye and head movements; with the majority of the gaze velocity produced by smooth tracking head movements. In the accompanying study we reported that the flocculus region was necessary for ...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2007
Thomas A Knight Albert F Fuchs

The role of the primate frontal eye field (FEF) has been inferred primarily from experiments investigating saccadic eye movements with the head restrained. Three recent reports investigating head-unrestrained gaze shifts disagree on whether head movements are evoked with FEF stimulation and thus whether the FEF participates in gaze movement commands. We therefore examined the eye, head, and ove...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 1999
T Belton R A McCrea

The flocculus and ventral paraflocculus are adjacent regions of the cerebellar cortex that are essential for controlling smooth pursuit eye movements and for altering the performance of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The question addressed in this study is whether these regions of the cerebellum are more globally involved in controlling gaze, regardless of whether eye or active head movemen...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2010
Jachin A Monteon Alina G Constantin Hongying Wang Julio Martinez-Trujillo J Douglas Crawford

The frontal eye field (FEF) is a region of the primate prefrontal cortex that is central to eye-movement generation and target selection. It has been shown that neurons in this area encode commands for saccadic eye movements. Furthermore, it has been suggested that the FEF may be involved in the generation of gaze commands for the eye and the head. To test this suggestion, we systematically sti...

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