the prophet muhammad`s (pbuh) life has always been of great interest especially to the muslim scholars. there have, however, been some discrepancies in their accounts of the prophet`s life depending on these scholars religious orientations, principles, criteria, methodology, styles, motives, and purposes. one of the books in this area is, al sahih men sirat nabavi, the writer, elaborating on th...

Mr. A is a 32-year-old inmate in a medium-security prison who is being treated by the facility psychiatrist for recently diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). His school records are not available, but Mr. A’s parents report that they always struggled to get him to do his homework and that he had academic difficulties from the third or fourth grade. They recall his teachers ...

Hojviri wrote his book Kashf al-Mahjub under the influence of sectarian and social developments and challenges in society and on the basis of his intellectual and religious backgrounds. Following an epistemological approach this article attempts to discuss his views on monotheism and some related issues, such as divine essence, attributes and vision. Moreover, epistemological analysis of Hojvir...

We find ourselves agreeing with much of what Kruse says in his reply to “Why Likelihood?”, and we appreciate his clarification on other points. Boik, on the other hand, believes there is a satisfactory Bayesian solution to the problem of model selection. He also believes that the Akaike solution is flawed. We discuss these two points in sections 2 and 3. In addition, we disagree with Boik about...

in razi’s view, faith and safety, is a root taken from the words of “tasdigh (confirming)” and “aman (safety)” and in literature it means “recognization and confirimation by heart”and “admitting by words”; when recognition by heart is achieved, verbal confession is also achieved. he believes that the conceptual bases of faith are “recognition and accepting by heart” and “verbal confession” and ...

A delusion is usually decribed as an erroneous belief of the falseness of which its possessor cannot be persuaded of by reasoning nor by the evidence of his own senses, and which is contrary to the general belief of persons of his own race, age, standing and training. A person who believes that he can raise men from the dead or one who states that he is a canary or another who believes that he ...

We have already stated summarily what the punishment should be for temple-robbing, whether by open force or secretly. But the punishments for the various sorts of insolence in speech or action with regard to the gods, which a man can show in word or deed, have to be proclaimed after we have provided an exordium. Let this be it: "No one believing, as the laws prescribe, in the existence of the g...

The paper aims to analyze how tax law encourages citizens play sports. right of receive a deduction for sports expenses that entered into force on 1 January 2022, in the author’s opinion, needs be significantly improved, since under consideration do not always mean activities. Digital fixation is offered special application In addition, independent activities remain outside framework this syste...