Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that can cause severe disease in mammals. Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of subcutaneous (s.c.) vaccination with Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), 1 x 10(5) N. caninum NC-1 strain tachyzoites or 1 x 10(5) Toxoplasma gondii TS-4 strain tachyzoites on challenge oral infections in mice with sporulated VEG strain T. gondii oocysts ...

Purpose To determine the effect of injection volume and formulation of a microneedle injection into the suprachoroidal space (SCS) on SCS thickness and closure kinetics. Methods Microneedle injections containing 25 to 150 μL Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS) were performed in the rabbit SCS ex vivo. Distribution of SCS thickness was measured by ultrasonography and three-dimensional (3D) cr...

BACKGROUND Since mature erythrocytes are terminally differentiated cells without nuclei and organelles, it is commonly thought that they do not contain nucleic acids. In this study, we have re-examined this issue by analyzing the transcriptome of a purified population of human mature erythrocytes from individuals with normal hemoglobin (HbAA) and homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS). METHODS...

Background. Iron status in patients with sickle cell anaemia is a matter of continuing investigation. Objective. This paper aims to determine the serum iron status of under-five, sickle cell anaemia patients. Methods. The study spanned from December 2009 to February 2010 at the Consultant Outpatient Clinics involving 97 HbSS subjects and 97 age- and sex-matched HbAA controls. Biochemical iron s...

Neuraminic (sialic) acid concentrations in serum from normal and sickle cell (HbSS) subjects were determined for discrete age groups from childhood through adolescence. Values in sickle cell disease were consistently lower over the entire age range. We further investigated the effect of exogenous sialic acid on the rate of sickling reversion of HbSS erythrocytes and demonstrated that this compo...

Background: To study methaemoglobin content and NADH-methaemoglobin reductase activity of three human erythrocyte genotypes (HbAA, HbAS and HbSS).Materials and Methods: Studies to ascertain methaemoglobin concentration and level of NADH-methaemoglobin reductase activity of three human erythrocyte genotypes (HbAA, HbAS and HbSS) were carried out in forty-three (43) healthy male participants of c...

Range anxiety seriously restricts the development of electric vehicles (EVs). To address above issue, a hybrid battery swapping system (HBSS) is developed in this paper. In system, EVs can swap their at stations or by roadside via vans. The proposed scheduling strategy aims to achieve best service quality for HBSS controlling mobile fee. model, uncertainty EV selection managed leveraging Sigmoi...

The characteristic clinical heterogeneity of sickle cell anemia (HbSS) may be, in part, a result of its interactions with alpha-thalassemia. Although alpha-thalassemia clearly affects some hematologic features of HbSS, its role in modulating the vasoocclusive severity of disease is not clear. To further explore this relationship, we examined the incidence of painful episodes, acute chest syndro...