4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol (4-HBA) is an important phenolic constituent of Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB), a traditional herbal medicine used in East Asia. Many activities have been reported to underlie the beneficial effects of 4-HBA in the brain, and in particular, its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-zinc-toxic effects have been implicated in the postischemic brain. Here, the authors in...

OBJECTIVE Recent evidence suggests that poor glycemic control is significantly associated with the development of macrovascular complications of diabetes. Studies have indicated that C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between CRP and HbA(1c) in a large national sample of individuals with diabet...

OBJECTIVE Hemoglobin A1c (HbA(1c)) has been widely used as a clinically important assessment tool for outcome analyses related to glycemic control. However, because of special conditions in dialysis patients, including the uremic milieu, there is no HbA(1c) blood glucose (BG) equation specific for patients on dialysis. In this study, we sought to develop HbA(1c)-BG equation models for hemodialy...

3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA) is a precursor compound for phenolic compounds like Protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA). From recent reports, PCA has shown vasculoprotective potency, but the effects of 3-HBA remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the vasculoprotective effects of 3-HBA in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and various animal models. We tested effects of 3-H...

Background: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol (4-HBA), one of the major active phenolic constituents of Gastrodia elata Blume, has been shown to be a neuroprotective agent. Previous studies have demonstrated the anticonvulsive effect of Gastrodia elata, while no studies have investigated the antiepileptogenic effect of 4-HBA. Methods: We examined the effect of 4-HBA (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg i.p.)...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic effect of Hyaluronan Binding Assay (HBA) which has been used as a method of sperm selection for intracytoplasmic sperm injection procedure, on the outcome of intrauterine insemination (IUI) in couples with unexplained or mild male factor infertility. METHODS 77 infertile couples were enrolled in our study. On the day of IUI p...

OBJECTIVE An international committee of experts recommended using HbA(1c) for diagnostic testing for diabetes. Little is known about normal values of HbA(1c) in infants. The aim of this study is to describe the distribution of HbA(1c) in 8- to 12-month-old nondiabetic infants. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS HbA(1c) was measured in 86 infants participating in the Groningen Expert Center for Kids ...

The efficacy of hops beta acids (HBA) against unstressed and stress-adapted Listeria monocytogenes in ham extract and the consumers' acceptability of HBA on ready-to-eat (RTE) hams were investigated. Unstressed or acid-, cold-, or starvation-stress-adapted L. monocytogenes was inoculated (1.3-1.5 log CFU/mL) into 10% ham extract, without (control) or with HBA (4.44 or 10.0 µg/mL). Survival/grow...

OBJECTIVE To determine the importance of rhythm regulation or rate control in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) and normal left ventricular function. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS Thirty six patients with a mixed fast and slow ventricular response rate to their AF were randomised to either His bundle ablation (HBA) and VVIR pacemaker (HBA group) or VVI pacemaker and atrioventricul...