INTRODUCTION Psychological contracts of safety are conceptualized as the beliefs of individuals about reciprocal safety obligations inferred from implicit or explicit promises. Although the literature on psychological contracts is growing, the existence of psychological contracts in relation to safety has not been established. The research sought to identify psychological contracts in the conve...

In this paper, we present an adaptive logic for deontic conflicts, called P2.1, that is based on Goble’s logic SDLaPe—a bimodal extension of Goble’s logic P that invalidates aggregation for all prima facie obligations. The logic P2.1 has several advantages with respect to SDLaPe. For consistent sets of obligations it yields the same results as Standard Deontic Logic and for inconsistent sets of...

Background: In all wars, the only group that suffers even more than the military is the civilians, because they are the target of these conflicts due to their physiological condition, and because they are less able to defend themselves, they are more at risk than others. Individuals are exposed and more exposed to violence and violations of rights and freedoms than any other individual or group...

OBJECTIVE To identify the various potential manifestations of the dual-role dilemma in the psychiatric ethics literature. METHOD The terms 'dual role', 'dual agency', 'overlapping roles', and 'double agency' were searched on the electronic databases PubMed, Medline, Embase and PsychInfo. Classic papers in the field of psychiatric ethics and their references were manually searched. Papers were...

some legal systems such as the french system have provided some special forms for the contracts concerning the exploitation of the literary and artistic rights and also they have specified the rules and obligations concerning these contracts. the publication contract is of particular importance among other contracts. in the iranian legal system, in spite of the recognition of literary and artis...

Human rights are the basic standards that people need to live in dignity.  In addition to the rights that are available to all people, there are rights that apply only to children.  Children need special rights because of their unique needs;  they need additional protection that adults don’t.  The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is an international document that sets out al...