This study aimed to gauge the Hong Kong's public support towards new e-cigarette regulation, and examine the associated factors of the support. We conducted a two-stage, randomized cross-sectional telephone-based survey to assess the public support towards the banning of e-cigarette promotion and advertisement, its use in smoke-free venues, the sale to people aged under 18, and regulating the s...

Serious mental illness research poses many ethical questions, including important considerations pertaining to how large a study is and its source of funding. Little is known about how people with schizophrenia understand these ethical considerations and whether these factors may influence their decisions to participate in research. Structured interviews were conducted with 60 people with schiz...

For prevention or for compensation cases, a simple assessment of intensive impulse noise is needed. In order to choose the most appropriate frequency weighting, the transfer function from the free sound field (where we measure) to the inner ear (where damage occurs) must be taken into account. Regarding the most appropriate time constant, the reaction of the inner ear is the reference, and many...

Background: Fasting is the Islamic worship of man in order to approach God.  There is a direct relationship between fasting, abstaining from eating and drinking, and man’s health as well as ill-health. Therefore, through fasting the religious and medical issues are interwoven with each other; so that man can maintain his physical heath by performing a religious worship. Findings: Medical propos...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether fluoride (F) ions are really capable of the repair (remineralization) of damaged crystals and useful for reinforcing the quality (i.e. modify the crystal structure) of tooth enamel using transmission electron microscopy and Raman microprobe analysis. Additionally, carbonic anhydrase activity was measured in immature enamel tissue to co...

We discuss the affective aspects of tutoring dialogues in an ITS -called INESthat helps students to practice nursing tasks using a haptic device and a virtual environment. Special attention is paid to affective control in the tutoring process by means of selecting the appropriate feedback, taking into account elements of the student’s character, the harmfulness of errors made, and the emotional...