We envision a future in which the global economy and the Internet will merge and evolve together into an information economy bustling with billions of economically motivated software agents that exchange information goods and services with humans and other agents. Economic software agents will di er in important ways from their human counterparts, and these di erences may have signi cant bene c...

Harmful ecological effects caused by the emission of gaseous pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), can be reduced by load adequate distribution between power plants. However, this leads to a noticeable increase in their operating cost. In order to eliminate this conflict, and to study the trade-off relation between fuel cost and emissions, an approach to solve this mul...

An economic analysis of fakes differs substantially from the legal and the art historic views which both tend to propose repressive policies against imitations. But there are large economic benefits from copying. In particular, the "propagation effect" yields utility to both consumers and creators of the original. In contrast, the harmful effects of fakes are small and are mitigated by emerging...

The post-communist transition was associated with two specific phenomena. First, political liberalization was initiated simultaneously with economic reforms. Second, instead of a short Jshaped adjustment, most transition countries experienced deep and protracted recessions. Some analysts suggest that the early introduction of democracy was in fact harmful for economic growth. Similarly, propone...

most women want to know about possible consequences radiology, radioisotope or even television terminal. because knowing about them, prevent from fear. fetus is inevitably placed to some types of radiation. environmental radiation occurs from atmosphere, soil and buildings. total radiation above, ingested and possibly inhaled radioisotopes probably is seventy five-thousandth to one-tenth of ram...