Restorative materials [filling, denture and implant materials] are designed to replicate the shape and function of natural teeth. Development in materials science, biotechnology, nanotechnology, robotics and biomechanics has dramatically improved the way we look at the replacement of components of human teeth. Restorative biomaterials are the foundation for the replacement of hard tissue and it...

This review focuses on the advances made in synthesis and application of hydroxyapatite (HA)- ?-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP)-based composites for biomedical purposes, with placed both laboratory exploration clinical translation. First, polymeric matrix materials are reviewed, comparisons between naturally- synthetically-derived polymers briefly introduced. Second, calcium phosphates used hard t...

Periodontal disease is categorized by the destruction of periodontal tissues. Over the years, there have been several clinical techniques and material options that been investigated for periodontal defect repair/regeneration. The development of improved biomaterials for periodontal tissue engineering has significantly improved the available treatment options and their clinical results. Bone rep...

Total hip replacement (THR), one of the most successful and cost effective surgical interventions introduced in the last 50 or so years in medicine and the second most common elective operation in the UK (Sheldon et al., 1996, Garellick et al., 1998), owes most of its success to the introduction of hard-on-soft arthroplasty by Charnley. Arthroplasty (from the Greek ‘arthrosis’ = ‘joint’ and ‘-p...

in recent years the science of tissue engineering has emerged as a powerful tool for the development of a novel set of tissue replacement parts and technologies. recent advances in the fields of biomaterials, stem cell technologies, growth factor field and biomimetics have created a unique set of opportunities for investigators to fabricate lab-grown tissues from combination of extracellular ma...

The aims of this study were to determine Japanese cephalometric norms in the antero-posterior and vertical dimension, and to test the hypothesis that there are racial differences in cephalometric measurements between Japanese and Caucasian norms. Radiographs were obtained from 25 healthy Japanese males (aged 25.1 +/- 2.7 years) and 24 healthy Japanese females (aged 23.6 +/- 1.3 years). Inclusio...

Immediate implant placement often requires tissue augmentation simultaneously. Both hard and soft tissue grafting can improve long-term physiologic and esthetic outcomes. Bone replacement grafts are frequently combined with barrier membranes (guided bone regeneration [GBR]). When these materials are resorbable, they are often composed of collagen or synthetic polymers. These techniques do not a...