BACKGROUND Findings from a recent prospective cohort study in California suggested increased risk of breast cancer associated with higher exposure to certain carcinogenic and estrogen-disrupting hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). However, to date, no nationwide studies have evaluated these possible associations. Our objective was to examine the impacts of mammary carcinogen and estrogen disruptin...

With an ever increasing demand for capacity for future generation multimedia applications, service providers are looking to utilise the frequency allocations in the millimetre wave bands, e.g. those specified for Local Multi-Point Distribution Systems (LMDS). In these frequency bands signals are attenuated by rain and line of sight paths are required. A possible solution to these effects is to ...

Third generation mobile systems are gradually being deployed in many developed countries in hotspot areas. However, owing to the amount of new infrastructures required, it will still be some time before 3G is ubiquitous, especially in developing countries. One possible cost effective solution for deployments in these areas is to use High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) (Collela et al., 2000; Djuknic ...

Increase on the demand of telecommunication services is related with systems based on different technological alternatives. One of them, that is being developed in the last years is the use of aircrafts or airships technologies. The High Altitude Platforms Stations (HAPS) represent one attractive option today. In this paper, a switched channel model in L band based on HAPS is proposed and analy...

With the explosive increment of computation requirements, multiaccess edge computing (MEC) paradigm appears as an effective mechanism. Besides, for Internet Things (IoT) in disasters or remote areas requiring MEC services, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and high altitude platforms (HAPs) are available to provide services these IoT devices. In this article, we develop hierarchical framework com...

With the advent of rapid globalization and inter-border supply chain network, reliability efficiency transportation systems have become even more critical. Indeed, trans-continental highways need particular attention due to their important role in sustaining globalization. In this context, intelligent (ITS) can actively enhance safety, mobility, productivity, comfort highways. However, ITS depe...

Within the broad field of communications, considerable interest has been drawn towards High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) the past few years owing to their appealing features. Among the multitude of services that HAP systems are able to provide, HAPs have the potential to deliver 3G communication services. In this letter, we examine the impact of both imperfect power control and multiuser detection...

This Recommendation provides methodologies for the interference evaluation from the HAPS-to-ground transmission downlink of the fixed service (FS) using high altitude platform stations to the uplink of the fixed-satellite service using the geostationary satellites within the bands 27.5-28.35 GHz.This Recommendation contains three Annexes that provide methodologies for interference calculation, ...

This paper addresses network architectures in a constellation of high altitude platforms (HAPs) with overlapping coverage areas, focusing on the additional network elements/functionalities required to make use of load balancing mechanisms. According to the location within the network and the complexity of additional equipment/ functionality the paper proposes two different architectures. In the...

High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) are a new, promising means of providing Third Generation (3G) mobile services, broadband services and TV broadcasting. One of the potential problems of the system, where aircraft technology is used, is the platform positional instability due to rotation and stratospheric winds. This may produce fluctuations in the signal level and thus degrading the perfor...