Brainard et al. (2001) and Thapan et al. (2001) reported a non-visual photoreceptor system in humans, that is closely interlinked with circadian rhythms. It works independently of the scotopic and photopic photoreceptor systems and is intact in some individuals with amaurosis as well as with red–green color blindness (Lockley et al., 2006). The circadian photoreceptor system responds most sensi...

BACKGROUND Most study concerning the prevalence and dermatological manifestations of the extrinsic and the intrinsic form of atopic dermatitis (AD) were performed in children and adult AD related to the early-onset AD extending to adult life. Adult-onset AD is a subgroup of AD. Apart from the typical eczematous flexural distribution pattern of AD, this group may also have nontypical morphology ...

Objective: To measure the serum level of IL4, IL10 and IFN-gamma of Atopic patients before and after treatment with tacrolimus ointment or topical steroid by using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) to evaluate the disease activity. Methods: IL4, IL10 and IFN-gamma concentrations in the serum were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay in fifty atopic dermatitis patients were givin...

BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and can be the first step of the atopic march. OBJECTIVE In this retrospective study, we analysed the immunological and clinical patterns of AD in a group of children affected by the disease since their first years of life, in order to evaluate if and how these patterns can change over time, and to identify biomarkers th...

OBJECTIVES Atopic eczema is a chronic relapsing skin disease associated with atopy, and characterised by reduced skin hydration, impaired skin integrity (transepidermal water loss), and poor quality of life. Proper emollient usage is an important facet of its management. This study aimed to establish an approach to evaluate the efficacy of using an emollient over a 4-week period. DESIGN Prosp...

PURPOSE The present study investigates the long-term effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy for the treatment of moderate to severe childhood atopic dermatitis (AD). Previous research indicates that IVIg can treat severe AD; however, the effectiveness of IVIg has not been confirmed in prospective, blinded clinical trials. METHODS Forty eligible children with moderate to severe A...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that epidermal barrier dysfunction contributes to the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) and other allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE We performed a prospective, randomized controlled trial to investigate whether protecting the skin barrier with a moisturizer during the neonatal period prevents development of AD and allergic sensitization. METHODS An em...

Background The natural course of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infancy, childhood, and adolescence is not yet completely known. Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of atopic dermatits among 19-year-old Korean male subjects. Methods All 19-year-old Korean males must undergo medical examination for conscription. We precisely evaluated the prevalence of AD in three Korean prov...

Background and aim: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory, pruritic skin disease usually observed in patients with other allergies. Decreased selenium levels and improvement with selenium supplement are reported in AD. The aim of this study was to compare serum and whole blood selenium in children with AD and control group.Materials and Methods: In an age-se...