To estimate susceptibility to the swine-origin influenza A(H3N2) variant virus (A(H3N2)v) in the German population, we investigated cross-reactive antibodies against this virus and factors associated with seroprotective titre using sera from representative health examination surveys of children and adolescents (n = 815, 2003–06) and adults (n = 600, 2008–10). Antibodies were assessed by haemagg...

The results of serological study of 40 cases of mumps virus infection are presented. Mumps virus was isolated from 20 of the patients studied and antibodies to the V antigen, the S antigen, and the haemagglutination antigen were performed in all cases. Analysis of these results shows that estimation of all three types of antibody is necessary to confirm the diagnosis in the maximum number of in...

Background: Various compounds of plant origin have been widely investigated since ancient times for their possible immunomodulatory properties as well as for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To study the immunomodulatory functions of the aqueous extract of the seeds of Abrus precatorius commonly known as Indian liquorice (Fabaceae), a medicinal plant native to central India...

An examination of 200 serum samples from unvaccinated indigenous (local) chickens in Maiduguri, Borno State (Nigeria) using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test showed 73 sera to be positive and 127 to be negative for antibodies against Newcastle disease virus. The highest antibody titre observed was 1:128. The prevalence rate was higher (46.9%) in adult chickens than in young chickens of...

We analysed serum samples of 209 subjects immunized with yellow fever vaccine 17D by different assays: neutralization test, immunofluorescence assay, haemagglutination inhibition test and ELISA, for presence of 17D-specific antibodies. Serum samples were taken from a few weeks up to 35 years after vaccination. The neutralization test had the highest sensitivity. There was no correlation of resu...

Specimens of urethal discharge and scrapings of the urethra from 45 men with non-gonococcal urethritis have been studied for virus content. Human amnion and monkey kidney cell cultures were inoculated. Various temperatures of incubation were used. Specimens were also inoculated into the yolk sac of seven-day fertile eggs. No cytopathic changes were detected in any specimen examined after direct...

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Newcastle Disease in Lafia Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Five districts were selected which includes; Lafia central, Shabu, Kwandare, Assakio and Agyaragu. A total of 1,250 samples were randomly collected for a period of 18 months (June2011 to November, 2012). Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) Test was used to analyz...

Ten antisera were produced in rabbits by two or three intravenous injections of inactivated whole influenza type A virions. All contained haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody directed predominantly to an epitope in antigenic site B and, in addition, various amounts of antibodies to an epitope in site A and in site D. The ability of untreated antisera to select neutralization escape mutant...

DESIGN Children with HIV are especially susceptible to complications from influenza infection, and effective vaccines are central to reducing disease burden in this population. We undertook a prospective, observational study to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of the inactivated split-virion AS03-adjuvanted pandemic H1N1(2009) vaccine in children with HIV. SETTING National referral c...

Microtechniques are now used extensively in diagnostic as well as immunological studies for viruses, protozoa, and bacteria (Sever, 1962; Edwards, 1964; Kessel, Lewis, Pasquel, and Turner, 1965). In microtitrations constant volumes of fluids are picked up and delivered by specially constructed and calibrated metallic microdiluters. According to the Microtiter Instruction Manual of the Cooke Eng...