Passive haemagglutination of erythrocytes sensitized with antigen is an extremely sensitive method for the detection of antibody. Its application to the serological diagnosis of syphilis was first reported by Rathlev (1965, 1967), using a haemagglutination technique for the detection of specific antitreponemal antibody in which formolized tanned sheep cells sensitized with ultrasonicated materi...

Visceral candidiasis in 56 patients, 39 of whom were thought to be immune deficient, was investigated using three serological detection methods--whole cell agglutination, haemagglutination, and counterimmunoelectrophoresis for antibodies; two determinations of circulating antigens--haemagglutination inhibition and latex agglutination; and determination of the arabinitol:creatinine ratio. Of the...

One hundred sera from 49 patients with glandular toxoplasmosis were examined by a latex agglutination test, the dye test, an indirect haemagglutination test, and a double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antitoxoplasma IgM. The results support previous findings that the dye test, indirect haemagglutination test, and latex agglutination test measure different antib...

IgM rheumatoid factor was assayed by three routine methods: latex fixation; haemagglutination; and end point laser nephelometry in 69 patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis and 58 patients with other non-rheumatoid arthropathies, selected prospectively according to the American Rheumatism Association clinical criteria. The operators of the assays were unaware of the clinical d...

The K88 antigen of Escherichia coli specifically adheres to the piglet intestinal cell; a solution of this antigen agglutinates guinea-pig red cells at 4 degrees C. The latter reaction was used as a model of the former, using inhibition of haemagglutination as an index of specific combination with the K88 adhesin. Inhibition was found with mucous glycoproteins and chemical modification of their...

Haemagglutination reactions for the diagnosis of syphilis were first reported by Blumenthal (1932) and Bachmann (1932), who used an extract of syphilitic liver as the antigen. However, the test yielded both false positive and false negative reactions, rendering it of no diagnostic value. An agglutination test with suspensions of Reiter treponemes was used for testing cerebrospinal fluid by Roem...

A total of 70 224 blood donations were tested at three Scottish blood transfusion centres for hepatitis B surface antigen /HBsAg) by an economical haemagglutination-inhibition method (E.H.A.I.) and the results compared with those of counterelectrophoresis (C.E.P.). A further 4086 donations were tested using the Wellcome turkey cell haemagglutination test, C.E.P., and E.H.A.I.E.H.A.I. was also c...

The presence of filamentous appendages distinct from flagella was first discovered in electron microscope preparations by Anderson (1949) and Houwink and van Iterson (1950). Duguid, Smith, Dempster, and Edmunds (1955) confirmed the existence of these structures and suggested the name 'fimbriae' for them; others have called them 'cilia' (Pershina and Vasilieva, 1960) and 'pili' (Brinton, 1959). ...