Warning messages are one of the last lines of defense in information security, and are fundamental to users’ security interactions with technology. Unfortunately, research shows that users routinely ignore security warnings. A key contributor to this disregard is habituation, the diminishing of attention through frequent exposure. However, previous research has examined habituation indirectly b...

Habituation of nonhuman primates to observer presence is a necessary and often arduous prologue to collection of data on individuals. Subjects are habituated so their behavior will be as close as is possible to their behavior if the observer were not present [1]. In an initial field study conducted on a new study group, habituation may account for a major proportion of the observers’ time [2–5]...

Habituation of the nociception-specific blink reflex (nBR) is reduced interictally in migraine patients. This could be related to the habituation deficit of evoked cortical responses, a reproducible abnormality in migraine which has a familial character, or to central trigeminal sensitization due to repeated attacks. We compared nBR habituation in healthy volunteers devoid of personal or family...

The defensive withdrawal reflex of the mantle organs of Aplysia californica exhibits a variety of forms of both nonassociative and associative learning, which can exist in both short- and long-term forms. In addition, the reflex can be readily elicited and quantified as soon as the effector organs (siphon and gill) emerge at their respective developmental stages. Thus, this reflex system provid...

Habituation is a fundamental form of behavioral plasticity that permits organisms to ignore inconsequential stimuli. Here we describe the habituation of a locomotor response to ethanol and other odorants in Drosophila, measured by an automated high-throughput locomotor tracking system. Flies exhibit an immediate and transient startle response upon exposure to a novel odor. Surgical removal of t...

The recent habituation literature is reviewed with emphasis on neurophysiological studies. The hindlimb flexion reflex of the acute spinal cat is used as a model system for analysis of the neuronal mechanisms involved in habituation and sensitization (i.e., dishabituation). Habituation of this response is demonstrated to follow the same 9 parametric relations for stimulus and training variables...

Habituation is a simple form of memory, yet its neurobiological mechanisms are only beginning to be understood in mammals. In the olfactory system, the neural correlates of habituation at a fast experimental timescale involving very short intertrial intervals (tens of seconds) have been shown to depend on synaptic adaptation in olfactory cortex. In contrast, behavioral habituation to odorants o...

The acoustic startle response is a protective response, elicited by a sudden and intense acoustic stimulus. Facial and skeletal muscles are activated within a few milliseconds, leading to a whole body flinch in rodents(1). Although startle responses are reflexive responses that can be reliably elicited, they are not stereotypic. They can be modulated by emotions such as fear (fear potentiated s...

OBJECTIVE To check the existence of an association between the presence/absence of the blink reflex habituation in the neonatal period and auditory processing development. METHODS The occurrence of blink reflex habituation was studied in 33 neurologically normal neonates, aged between 9 and 25 months, who had their behavioral responses analyzed and classified according to Azevedo (1993). Habi...

This study used the "oddball" counting paradigm to examine the possible habituation of the auditory P300 response. Twenty subjects kept a mental record of the number of rarely occurring tone pips presented in a series of more frequently occurring tone pips. Data were collected continuously until responses to 150 rare tone pips were obtained. Findings indicated that the P300 complex decreased in...