The aim of this paper is the steady state and dynamic simulations of the ammonia unit of Shiraz petrochemical complex and system behavior study versus the feed flow rate change for producing a good quality product. The ammonia unit consists of the reformer units, shift converter units, carbon dioxide absorption unit, methanation unit, and ammonia synthesis unit. For this purpose, in the first s...

Ammonia can be an essential energy vector for storing excess renewable during the year and release this when demand is high. This storage provides part in sector moments there not enough wind sun to cover demand. Although Haber-Bosch a very mature process synthesize hydrogen nitrogen ammonia, it flexible match erratic nature of renewables. mismatch creates need large intermediate buffer tanks. ...

Nitrogen fixation is an important and challenging transformation in chemistry. It currently achieved by the Haber–Bosch process that reduces N2 to NH3 on large scale but at cost of a huge environmental footprint. In search for greener processes, electrochemically driven reduction might become sustainable answer. The development molecular homogeneous catalysis has gained momentum over last decad...

Electrochemical nitrogen-to-ammonia fixation is emerging as a sustainable strategy to tackle the hydrogen- and energy-intensive operations by Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production. However, current electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) progress is impeded by overwhelming competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) across all traditional NRR catalysts and the requirem...

Ammonia Generation In article number 2202403, Roland Marschall and co-workers utilize two earth-abundant materials, namely defective polyheptazine pyrite, in combination to generate ammonia under light irradiation. Generating decentralized by photocatalysis is a promising approach sustainable alternative Haber-Bosch.

Ammonia synthesis via the high-temperature and high-pressure Haber-Bosch process is one of most important chemical processes in world. In spite numerous attempts over last 100 years, continuous type ammonia at room-temperature had not been possible, yet. We report development a mechanocatalytic system operating continuously pressures down to 1 bar. With optimized experimental conditions, cesium...