We calculate in chiral perturbation theory the parity-violating two-pion exchange nucleon-nucleon potentials at leading one-loop order. At a distance of r = m−1 π ≃ 1.4 fm they amount to about ±16% of the parity-violating 1π-exchange potential. We evaluate also the parity-violating effects arising from 2π-exchange with excitation of virtual ∆(1232)-isobars. These come out to be relatively small...

Quantified propositional intuitionistic logic is obtained from propositional intuitionistic logic by adding quantifiers ∀p, ∃p over propositions. In the context of Kripke semantics, a proposition is a subset of the worlds in a model structure which is upward closed, i.e., if h ∈ P , then h ∈ P for all h ≤ h. For propositional intuitionistic logic H, several classes of model structures are known...

The solubility-permeability relationship of active pharmaceutical ingredients determines the efficacy of their usage. Diclofenac (DCL), which is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is characterized by extremely good membrane permeability, but low water solubility limiting drug effectiveness. The present research focuses on the fundamental explanation of this limitation using the ...

Notes taken by Stuart White during the lectures and not proof read. Errors will abound. 1. Nuclearity: Approximation and perturbation Recall: Definition 1.1. A C∗-algebra. Definition 1.2. A cp map Theorem 1.3. Stinespring’s theorem. Every cp map is a compression of a ∗-homomorphism. Definition 1.4. φ : A → B cp has order zero if a ⊥ b =⇒ φ(a) ⊥ φ(b). 1 Theorem 1.5. (i) φ : A→ B has order zero i...

Through multi-component self-assembly of chiral phenylethylamine, 1-alkyl-2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde and iron(ii) ions, two couples of enantiomeric iron(ii) complexes , , and with the formula of fac-Λ or Δ-[Fe(L)3](2+)(L = R or S-1-phenyl-N-(1-alkyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethylene)ethanamine) have been designed and synthesized as building blocks. Further binary cocrystallization of the prefabricated e...

With the 2-thienylselenoacetic acid ligand, four new organotin complexes, [Me3Sn(O2CCH2SeC4H3S-o)]n (), [(Ph3Sn)6(O2CCH2SeC4H3S-o)6] (), [(Me2Sn)4(μ3-O)2(O2CCH2SeC4H3S-o)4] (), and [(PhSn)6(μ3-O)6(O2CCH2SeC4H3S-o)6] (), have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, elemental analysis, FT-IR and NMR ((1)H, (13)C, and (119)Sn) spectroscopy. The structure analysis indicates tha...

The iodine L3-edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) of organic and inorganic iodine compounds with formal iodine oxidation states ranging from -1 to +7 shows edge energies spanning from 4560.8 eV to 4572.5 eV. These were used to calibrate the oxidation state of iodine in a unique iron complex of iodosylbenzene (PhIO), [Fe(tpena)OIPh]2+ (tpena- = N,N,N'-tris(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylened...

We derive group branching laws for formal characters of subgroups Hπ of GL(n) leaving invariant an arbitrary tensor T π of Young symmetry type π where π is an integer partition. The branchings GL(n) ↓ GL(n − 1) , GL(n) ↓ O(n) and GL(2n) ↓ Sp(2n) fixing a vector vi , a symmetric tensor gij = gji and an antisymmetric tensor fij = −fji , respectively, are obtained as special cases. All new branchi...

As a consequence of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking the pion BetheSalpeter amplitude necessarily contains terms proportional to γ5 γ · P and γ5 γ · k, where k is the relative and P the total momentum of the constituents. These terms are essential for the preservation of low energy theorems, such as the Gell-Mann–Oakes-Renner relation and those describing anomalous decays of the pion, and to ...

HajnaPs free set principle is equivalent to the axiom of choice, and some of its variants for Dedekind-finite sets are equivalent to countable forms of the axiom of choice. As was observed by Freiling [4] in the case of X = IR, if one applies some heuristics about selecting elements of X at random, one obtains assertions of the form "Every set-mapping/:X-> I (x£f(x)) has a nontrivial free subse...