Objectives. Beginning in 2014, the Society of Gynecologic Oncology and American College Obstetricians Gynecologists have recommended universal tumor testing for mismatch repair deficiency endometrial cancer. Mismatch can triage patients who may benefit from genetic Lynch syndrome. Many women previously diagnosed with cancer not undergone testing. We sought to determine feasibility retroactive a...

Objective: Brain Metastasis (BM) from primary gynecologic cancers is a rare entity. The advances and successes in the treatment of primary gynecologic malignancies, have led to prolonged survival and, a higher incidence of BM. This study aims to report the experience at our institution in managing these patients, and provide possible data points that may be essential to note as prognostic facto...

Ovarian Cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic tumor, notorious for being diagnosed in late stages. Approximately 15000 women in the USA and over 160000 women worldwide die every year of OC. In the USA about 22000 new cases were diagnosed in 2012. Morbidity and mortality due to OC have changed very little over the past 5 decades, despite extensive research efforts, identification of risk fa...

  Background and Objective: Ovarian tumors are among the most frequent pathologic conditions in gynecologic practice and a frequent cause of hospitalization and surgery. The aim of this study was to determine histologic distribution of benign operated masses especially functional ovarian cysts. Material and Methods: Benign ovarian files of operated patients (2961 cases) in 20 tertiary and sec...

Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic cancer, with 15,000 anticipated deaths within the United States alone in 2012, and new treatment strategies are needed. Ovarian cancer tumors are known to host an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This suppression may be reversible via activation of the innate immune response. Toll-like receptor 8 activates innate immunity while simultaneously inh...

Malignant tumors of the female reproductive organs have a high incidence and mortality. Despite modern technology, diagnostics and therapeutics have substantial limitations. Detection of autofluorescence, photosensitizer mediated fluorescence, and near-infrared-spectra are new approaches to diagnose gynecologic malignancies and premalignant lesions. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is currently being...

Gynecologic cancer mainly consists of three major tumors; endometrial carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, and uterine cervical carcinoma, and also includes vulvar carcinoma. Most patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I-II early-stage gynecologic cancer achieve a favorable clinical outcome with surgery alone or with surgery plus postoperative adjuvant chemoth...

The borderline category of ovarian tumors is one of the most controversial topics in gynecologic oncology and pathology, and is confusing to both clinicians and patients. Although numerous reviews have appeared in the literature, most of them rehash the prevailing views on borderline tumors without critically evaluating the published data that allegedly validate some rather puzzling and perplex...