The mechanical stimuli resulting from weight loading play an important role in mature bone remodeling. However, the effect of weight loading on the developmental process in young bones is less well understood. In this work, chicks were loaded with bags weighing 10% of their body weight during their rapid growth phase. The increased load reduced the length and diameter of the long bones. The ave...

The growth (i.e. increase of external dimensions) of long bones and vertebrae occurs longitudinally by endochondral ossification at the growth plates, and radially by apposition of bone at the periosteum. It is thought that mechanical loading influences the rate of longitudinal growth. The 'Hueter-Volkmann Law' proposes that growth is retarded by increased mechanical compression, and accelerate...

In this work, ion implantations with in situ transmission electron microscopy observations followed by different rates of temperature ramp were performed in (001)-Si to follow the evolution of He-plates under the influence of hydrogen. The JANNUS and MIAMI facilities were used to study the first stages of growth as well as the interactions between co-planar plates. Results showed that under a l...

Introduction: Low-intensity doses of ultrasound are currently used in the treatment of various musculoskeletal conditions. However, this ultrasonic therapy may be contraindicated in children due to the potential for growth disturbances, particularly at the epiphyseal plates of the long bones. We hypothesize that current clinical therapeutic doses of ultrasound (0.5 W/cm2) will not cause prematu...

The extracellular environment and tissue architecture contribute to proper cell function and growth control. Cells growing in monolayers on standard polystyrene tissue culture plates differ in their shape, growth rate and response to external stimuli, compared with cells growing in vivo. Here, we showed that the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) ligand heparin-binding EGF-like growth fact...

The motor system of the moth Manduca sexta is completely remodeled during the pupal-adult transformation (PAT). It is stable until the formation of the pupal stage (0% PAT), but larval motor end plates become disrupted by 5% PAT and are lost by 10% PAT, at the time that the muscle has begun to degenerate. Most of the axonal arbor is retracted by 15% with the first signs of adult sprouts appeari...

Campylobacter spp. require a microaerophilic environment (80% N(2), 10% CO(2), 5% H(2), and 5% O(2)) for growth. Since the late 1800s, several systems for creating and maintaining specific microbial atmospheres have been developed and applied. The objective of this study was to evaluate Campylobacter jejuni growth by means of 3 commonly used gas-delivery systems for generating a microaerophilic...

Two new Chinese species of the leafhopper genus Onukigallia, Onukigallia neoonukiisp. n. from Sichuan and Guangdong Provinces, and Onukigallia tumidasp. n. from Hubei and Hunan Provinces are described and illustrated. A key and an updated checklist with distributions of Onukigallia species are provided.