preparing thermal comfort conditions in outdoor public spaces is one of the considerations of architectural design. if the constructed area does not support comfortable conditions in outdoor spaces, it will cause microclimatic problems for pedestrians and adjacent buildings. regarding the different thermal comfort conditions in outdoor spaces in comparison with indoor, several indices have been...

Human growth is both a target seeking process regulated by genes and environment, and a highly dynamic process that even under similar social and economic circumstances varies considerably both in amplitude (being short or tall) and tempo (maturing fast or slow). This has led to vivid discussions about which growth chart is the right chart to use. In contrast to wide-spread opinions emphasizing...

Control chart techniques have been widely used in industries to monitor a process in quality improvement. Whenever we deal with variables data, we usually employ a combination of X-bar chart and R chart (or S chart) to monitor both the center and the spread of the process. In this paper, we propose a simple alternative, that is, we design a single chart to monitor both the center and the spread...

The 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts are unable to accurately define and display BMI percentiles beyond the 97th percentile. At Children's Hospital Colorado, we created new growth charts that allow clinicians to track and visualize BMI values in severely obese children. This growth chart defines a child's BMI as a "percentage of the 95th percentile." It has the pote...

European height and weight growth charts commonly extend from the 3rd to the 97th centile, whereas in North America the extremes are usually the 5th and 95th centiles. There is no good reason for the difference, and neither chart is particularly useful for screening owing to the high false positive rate associated with a cut off based on the lowest centile. The World Health Organisation's inter...

abstract. in recent years several studies have shown that  control charts with adaptive schemes or double sampling plans detect both small and moderate shifts in the process mean more quickly than the traditional shewhart  chart. in the classical double sampling  chart, the difference between two points were placed in the central region of first stage was not considered. in this study, a new co...

A growth chart for girls with Turner syndrome has been prepared using data from four published series of European patients, and evaluated using retrospective data on the heights of girls with Turner syndrome seen at this hospital. The results indicate that calculation of height standard deviation score from this chart allows a reasonable prediction of adult stature in any patient with Turner sy...