Conclusions regarding disturbance effects in high elevation or high latitude ecosystems based solely on infrequent, long-term sampling may be misleading, because the long winters may erase severe, short-term impacts at the height of the abbreviated growing season. We separated a) long-term effects of pack stock grazing, manifested in early season prior to stock arrival, from b) additional pack ...

in this study, we focused on tehran stock exchange market analysis based on applying moving average rules. the tehran stock exchange in the middle east has evolved into an exciting and growing marketplace where individual and institutional investor trade securities of over 420 companies. in an attempt to examine the ability to earn excess return by exploiting moving average rules, the average a...

Using Compustat, we present a surprising empirical fact: that at the firm level, the capital stock is at least as volatile as labor if not more. Given both recent research which has found unexpected large labor movements at the micro-level, and the standard textbook assumption that the capital stock is fixed in the short run, this finding seems even more unforeseen. This result holds for a wide...

The overall material stock of the Japanese economy is growing. Large portion of the stock is invested in construction materials such as asphalt, cement, sand and gravel, crushed stone, and other aggregates. The transport sector, particularly roadways, accounts for a large proportion of the construction material stock. This paper evaulates the Gross Additions to Stock (GAS) and Net Additions to ...

The properties of PALSAR L-band backscatter and interferometric coherence of Siberian boreal forest are the topic of this paper. The cross-polarized backscatter (HV) is better suited than co-polarized backscatter (HH) for identification of forest cover changes, e.g. clear cuts and fire scars. Coherence acquired during winter also shows a good contrast between forested and nonforested areas. Our...

In this study, we focused on Tehran stock exchange market analysis based on applying moving average rules. The Tehran stock exchange in the Middle East has evolved into an exciting and growing marketplace where individual and institutional investor trade securities of over 420 companies. In an attempt to examine the ability to earn excess return by exploiting moving average rules, the average a...

The prices of wine is a key topic for market participants interested in valuing their stock, including dealers, restaurants or consumers who may be interested in optimizing their purchases. As a closely related issue, re-valuation is the need to regularly update the value of a stock. This need is especially met by fund managers in the growing industry of wine as an investment. In this case, fai...

Access to finance is widely recognized as one of the main impediments for growth and development of the small and medium enterprises. This article presents certain aspects of development of stock exchanges oriented towards small and mediumsize enterprises. It aims to contribute towards the growing debate on funding of small and medium enterprises through dedicated stock exchanges and serve as a...